Date of official publication: August 1, 2008 Published: August 1, 2008 in "RG" – Federal Issue No. 4720 Enters into force: May 1, 2009 Adopted by the State Duma on July 4, 2008 Approved by the Federation Council on July 11, 2008 Section I General principles of fire safety Chapter 1. General provisions Article 1. Objectives and scope of application of technical regulations 1. This Federal Law is adopted in order to protect the life, health, property of citizens and legal entities, state and municipal property from fires, defines the main provisions of technical regulation in the field of fire safety and establishes general fire safety requirements for protection objects (products), including buildings, structures and structures, industrial facilities, fire-technical products and general-purpose products. Federal laws on technical regulations containing fire safety requirements for specific products do not apply to the extent that they establish lower fire safety requirements than those established by this Federal Law. 2. The provisions of this Federal Law on ensuring fire safety of protection facilities are mandatory for: 1) design, construction, major repairs, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, change of functional purpose, maintenance, operation and disposal of protection facilities; 2) development, adoption, application and implementation of federal laws on technical regulations containing fire safety requirements, as well as regulatory documents on fire safety; 3) development of technical documentation for protected objects. 3. In relation to special-purpose protection facilities, including military facilities, facilities for the production, processing, storage of radioactive and explosive substances and materials, facilities for the destruction and storage of chemical weapons and explosives, ground-based space facilities and launch complexes, mine workings, facilities located in forests, along with this Federal Law, fire safety requirements established by regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation must be observed. 4. Technical regulation in the field of fire safety of nuclear weapons and related processes of development, production, operation, storage, transportation, disposal and disposal of their components, as well as in the field of fire safety of buildings, structures, structures, and facilities of organizations of the nuclear weapons complex of the Russian Federation is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Article 2.
Basic concepts For the purposes of this Federal Law, the basic concepts established by Article 2 of the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ "On Technical Regulation" (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation"), Article 1 of the Federal Law of December 21, 1994 N 69-FZ "On Fire Safety" (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law "On Fire Safety") are used. as well as the following basic concepts: 1) emergency exit – a door, hatch or other exit that leads to an evacuation route, directly outside or to a safe area, is used as an additional exit for rescuing people, but is not taken into account when assessing the compliance of the required number and size of evacuation routes and emergency exits and which meet the requirements for the safe evacuation of people in case of fire; 2) safe zone – an area in which people are protected from the effects of fire hazards or in which there are no fire hazards; 3) explosion – a rapid chemical transformation of the medium, accompanied by the release of energy and the formation of compressed gases; 4) explosive mixture – a mixture of air or an oxidizer with flammable gases, vapors of flammable liquids, flammable dusts or fibers, which, at a certain concentration and the occurrence of a source of initiation of an explosion, is capable of exploding; 5) explosion and fire hazard of the protected object – the state of the protected object, characterized by the possibility of an explosion and fire development; 6) flammable environment – an environment capable of igniting when exposed to an ignition source; 7) fire safety declaration – a conformity assessment form containing information on fire safety measures aimed at ensuring the normative value of fire risk at the protection facility; 8) acceptable fire risk – fire risk, the level of which is acceptable and justified based on socio-economic conditions; 9) individual fire risk – a fire risk that can lead to the death of a person as a result of exposure to dangerous fire factors; 10) ignition source – a means of energy influence that initiates combustion; 11) class of structural fire hazard of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments – classification characteristics of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments, determined by the degree of participation of building structures in the development of fire and the formation of fire hazards; 12) class of functional fire hazard of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments – a classification characteristic of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments, determined by the purpose and features of the operation of the specified buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments, including the features of the implementation of technological production processes in the specified buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments; 13) outdoor installation – a complex of devices and technological equipment located outside buildings, structures and structures;
14) required evacuation time – the time from the moment of fire occurrence, during which people must evacuate to a safe area without causing harm to people’s lives and health as a result of exposure to dangerous fire factors; 15) object of protection – products, including the property of citizens or legal entities, state or municipal property (including objects located in the territories of settlements, as well as buildings, structures, structures, vehicles, technological installations, equipment, units, products and other property), for which fire safety requirements are established or must be established to prevent fire and protect people in case of fire; 16) oxidizers – substances and materials that have the ability to react with flammable substances, causing them to burn, and also increase its intensity; 17) dangerous fire factors – fire factors, the impact of which can lead to injury, poisoning or death of a person and (or) material damage; 18) fire source – the place where the fire initially started; 19) primary fire extinguishing means – portable or mobile fire extinguishing means used to fight a fire in the initial stage of its development; 20) fire safety of the protected object – the state of the protected object, characterized by the possibility of preventing the occurrence and development of a fire, as well as the impact of dangerous fire factors on people and property; 21) fire hazard of substances and materials – the state of substances and materials, characterized by the possibility of combustion or explosion of substances and materials; 22) fire danger of the protected object – the state of the protected object, characterized by the possibility of the occurrence and development of a fire, as well as the impact of dangerous fire factors on people and property; 23) fire alarm – a set of technical means designed to detect a fire, process, transmit in a given form a notification about a fire, special information and (or) issue commands to turn on automatic fire extinguishing systems and turn on the executive installations of smoke protection systems, technological and engineering equipment, as well as other fire protection devices; 24) fire station – a fire protection facility in which there are premises for storing fire equipment and its maintenance, office premises for accommodating personnel, a room for receiving fire notifications, technical and auxiliary premises necessary to perform the tasks assigned to the fire department; 25) fire detector – a technical device designed to generate a fire signal; 26) fire alarm – a technical device designed to notify people about a fire;
27) fire compartment – a part of a building, structure and structure, separated by fire-resistant walls and fire-resistant floors or coatings, with fire resistance limits of the structure ensuring that the fire does not spread beyond the boundaries of the fire compartment during the entire duration of the fire; 28) fire risk – a measure of the possibility of realizing the fire danger of the protected object and its consequences for people and material assets; 29) fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials – the ability of substances and materials to form a flammable (fire or explosive) environment, characterized by their physico-chemical properties and (or) behavior in fire conditions; 30) fire hazardous (explosive) zone – part of a closed or open space within which flammable substances are constantly or periodically circulating and in which they can be located during normal operation of the technological process or its disruption (accident); 31) fire resistance limit of a structure (filling openings of fire barriers) – the period of time from the beginning of fire exposure under standard test conditions until the onset of one of the limit states normalized for a given structure (filling openings of fire barriers); 32) fire alarm control device – a technical device intended for receiving signals from fire detectors, monitoring the integrity of the fire alarm loop, light indication and sound signaling of events, generating a starting pulse for launching the fire control device; 33) fire control device – a technical device intended for transmitting control signals to automatic fire extinguishing installations, and (or) turning on actuators of smoke protection systems, and (or) notifying people about a fire, as well as for transmitting control signals to other fire protection devices; 34) production facilities – industrial and agricultural facilities, including warehouses, engineering and transport infrastructure facilities (railway, road, river, sea, air and pipeline transport), communication facilities; 35) fire barrier – a building structure with a standardized fire resistance limit and a class of structural fire hazard of the structure, a volumetric element of a building or other engineering solution designed to prevent the spread of fire from one part of a building, structure, structure to another or between buildings, structures, structures, green spaces; 36) fire gap (fire distance) – a standardized distance between buildings, structures and (or) structures, established to prevent the spread of fire;
37) fire notification transmission system – a set of jointly operating technical means intended for transmitting through communication channels and receiving at a centralized monitoring point notifications about a fire at a protected facility, service and control and diagnostic notifications, as well as (if there is a return channel) for transmitting and receiving telecontrol commands; 38) fire alarm system – a set of fire alarm installations installed at one facility and controlled from a common fire station; 39) fire prevention system – a set of organizational measures and technical means that exclude the possibility of a fire at the protection facility; 40) smoke protection system – a set of organizational measures, space-planning solutions, engineering systems and technical means aimed at preventing or limiting the danger of smoke in buildings, structures and structures during a fire, as well as the impact of dangerous fire factors on people and material assets; 41) fire protection system – a set of organizational measures and technical means aimed at protecting people and property from the effects of fire hazards and (or) limiting the consequences of the impact of fire hazards on the protected object (product); 42) structure – a building system of any functional purpose, which includes premises intended, depending on the functional purpose, for the stay or residence of people and the implementation of technological processes; 43) social fire risk – the degree of danger leading to the death of a group of people as a result of exposure to dangerous fire factors; 44) degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments – classification characteristics of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments, determined by the fire resistance limits of structures used for the construction of these buildings, structures, structures and compartments; 45) technical means of warning and evacuation control – a set of technical means (sounder control devices, fire alarms) designed to notify people about a fire; 46) technological environment – substances and materials circulating in technological equipment (technological system); 47) stability of an object of protection in case of fire – the property of an object of protection to maintain structural integrity and (or) functional purpose when exposed to dangerous fire factors and secondary manifestations of dangerous fire factors; 48) emergency exit – an exit leading to an evacuation route, directly outside or to a safe area; 49) evacuation route (evacuation route) – a path of movement and (or) movement of people leading directly outside or to a safe area, meeting the requirements for the safe evacuation of people in case of fire;
50) evacuation – the process of organized independent movement of people directly out or to a safe zone from premises in which there is a possibility of people being exposed to dangerous fire factors. Article 3. Legal basis for technical regulation in the field of fire safety The legal basis for technical regulation in the field of fire safety is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, generally recognized principles and norms of international law, international treaties of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation", the Federal Law "On Fire Safety" and this Federal Law, in accordance with which regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation are developed and adopted regulating the issues of ensuring fire safety of protection objects (products). Article 4. Technical regulation in the field of fire safety 1. Technical regulation in the field of fire safety represents: 1) the establishment in regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and regulatory documents on fire safety of fire safety requirements for products, processes of design, production, operation, storage, transportation, sales and disposal; 2) legal regulation of relations in the field of application and use of fire safety requirements; 3) legal regulation of relations in the field of conformity assessment. 2. Regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation on fire safety include federal laws on technical regulations, federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation that establish mandatory fire safety requirements. 3. Regulatory documents on fire safety include national standards, codes of practice containing fire safety requirements (norms and regulations). 4. The provisions of this Federal Law do not apply to existing buildings, structures and structures designed and constructed in accordance with previously effective fire safety requirements, except in cases where the further operation of these buildings, structures and structures leads to a threat to the life or health of people due to the possible occurrence of a fire. In such cases, the owner of the facility or the person authorized to own, use or dispose of buildings, structures and structures must take measures to bring the fire safety system of the protected facility into compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law. Article 5. Ensuring fire safety of protected objects 1. Each protected object must have a fire safety system. 2. The purpose of creating a fire safety system for a protected facility is to prevent fire, ensure the safety of people and protect property in case of fire. 3.
The fire safety system for the protection object includes a fire prevention system, a fire protection system, and a set of organizational and technical measures to ensure fire safety. 4. The system for ensuring fire safety of the protected object must necessarily contain a set of measures that exclude the possibility of exceeding the permissible fire risk values established by this Federal Law and aimed at preventing the danger of harm to third parties as a result of a fire. Article 6. Conditions for compliance of the protected object with fire safety requirements 1. The fire safety of the protected object is considered ensured if: 1) the mandatory fire safety requirements established by federal laws on technical regulations are fully met; 2) the fire risk does not exceed the permissible values established by this Federal Law. 2. The fire safety of protected objects for which fire safety requirements are not established by federal laws on technical regulations is considered ensured if the fire risk does not exceed the relevant permissible values established by this Federal Law. 3. When complying with mandatory fire safety requirements established by federal laws on technical regulations and the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety, fire risk calculation is not required. 4. Fire safety of urban and rural settlements, urban districts and closed administrative-territorial entities is ensured as part of the implementation of fire safety measures by the relevant state authorities and local governments in accordance with Article 63 of this Federal Law. 5. The legal entity – the owner of the protection object (buildings, structures, structures and production facilities) as part of the implementation of fire safety measures must submit a fire safety declaration in accordance with Article 64 of this Federal Law before the commissioning of the protection object. 6. Calculations for assessing fire risk are an integral part of the fire safety declaration or industrial safety declaration (at facilities for which they must be developed in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation). 7. The procedure for carrying out calculations to assess fire risk is determined by the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. 8. Development of a fire safety declaration is not required to justify the fire safety of fire-fighting equipment and general purpose products. Chapter 2. Classification of fires and fire hazards Article 7. The purpose of the classification of fires and fire hazards 1. Classification of fires by type of flammable material is used to indicate the scope of application of fire extinguishing agents. 2.
The classification of fires according to the complexity of their extinguishing is used in determining the composition of the forces and means of fire departments and other services necessary to extinguish fires. 3. The classification of fire hazards is used to justify fire safety measures necessary to protect people and property in case of fire. Article 8. Classification of fires Fires are classified according to the type of combustible material and are divided into the following classes: 1) fires of solid combustible substances and materials (A); 2) fires of flammable liquids or melting solids and materials (B); 3) gas fires (C); 4) metal fires (D); 5) fires of flammable substances and materials of electrical installations under voltage (E); 6) fires of nuclear materials, radioactive waste and radioactive substances (F). Article 9. Fire hazards 1. Fire hazards affecting people and property include: 1) flames and sparks; 2) heat flow; 3) increased ambient temperature; 4) increased concentration of toxic products of combustion and thermal decomposition; 5) reduced oxygen concentration; 6) reduced visibility in smoke. 2. Associated manifestations of dangerous fire factors include: 1) fragments, parts of collapsed buildings, structures, structures, vehicles, technological installations, equipment, units, products and other property; 2) radioactive and toxic substances and materials released into the environment from destroyed technological installations, equipment, units, products and other property; 3) removal of high voltage to conductive parts of technological installations, equipment, units, products and other property; 4) dangerous factors of an explosion that occurred as a result of a fire; 5) exposure to fire extinguishing agents. Chapter 3. Indicators and classification of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of substances and materials Article 10. The purpose of classifying substances and materials according to fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard 1. Classification of substances and materials according to fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard is used to establish fire safety requirements for the receipt of substances and materials, use, storage, transportation, processing and disposal. 2. To establish fire safety requirements for the design of buildings, structures, structures and fire protection systems, the classification of building materials by fire hazard is used. Article 11. Indicators of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of substances and materials 1. The list of indicators necessary for assessing the fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of substances and materials, depending on their state of aggregation, is given in Table 1 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 2. Methods for determining indicators of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of substances and materials given in Table 1 of the appendix to this Federal Law are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. 3.
Indicators of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of substances and materials are used to establish requirements for the use of substances and materials and calculate fire risk. Article 12. Classification of substances and materials (except for construction, textile and leather materials) by fire hazard 1. Classification of substances and materials by fire hazard is based on their properties and ability to form fire or explosion hazards. 2. Based on flammability, substances and materials are divided into the following groups: 1) non-flammable – substances and materials that are unable to burn in air. Non-flammable substances can be fire-explosive (for example, oxidizers or substances that release flammable products when interacting with water, air oxygen, or with each other); 2) low-flammability – substances and materials capable of burning in air when exposed to an ignition source, but unable to burn independently after its removal; 3) flammable – substances and materials capable of spontaneous combustion, as well as ignite under the influence of an ignition source and burn independently after its removal. 3. Methods for testing the flammability of substances and materials are established by fire safety regulations. 4. From flammable liquids, there are groups of flammable and especially dangerous flammable liquids, the ignition of vapors of which occurs at low temperatures determined by fire safety regulations. Article 13. Classification of building, textile and leather materials by fire hazard 1. Classification of building, textile and leather materials by fire hazard is based on their properties and ability to form fire hazards. 2. The fire hazard of construction, textile and leather materials is characterized by the following properties: 1) flammability; 2) flammability; 3) the ability to spread flame over the surface; 4) smoke generating ability; 5) toxicity of combustion products. 3. Based on flammability, building materials are divided into combustible (G) and non-combustible (NG). 4. Construction materials are classified as non-combustible with the following values of flammability parameters determined experimentally: temperature increase – no more than 50 degrees Celsius, sample weight loss – no more than 50 percent, duration of stable flame combustion – no more than 10 seconds. 5. Construction materials that do not meet at least one of the parameter values specified in Part 4 of this article are classified as flammable. Combustible building materials are divided into the following groups: 1) low-flammable (G1), having a flue gas temperature of no more than 135 degrees Celsius, the degree of damage along the length of the test sample is not more than 65 percent, the degree of damage by weight of the test sample is not more than 20 percent, the duration of independent combustion is 0 seconds;
2) moderately flammable (G2), having a flue gas temperature of no more than 235 degrees Celsius, the degree of damage along the length of the test sample is not more than 85 percent, the degree of damage along the mass of the test sample is not more than 50 percent, the duration of independent combustion is no more than 30 seconds; 3) normal-flammable (NG), having a flue gas temperature of no more than 450 degrees Celsius, the degree of damage along the length of the test sample is more than 85 percent, the degree of damage along the mass of the test sample is not more than 50 percent, the duration of independent combustion is no more than 300 seconds; 4) highly flammable (G4), having a flue gas temperature of more than 450 degrees Celsius, a degree of damage along the length of the test sample of more than 85 percent, a degree of damage along the mass of the test sample of more than 50 percent, and a duration of independent combustion of more than 300 seconds. 6. For materials belonging to flammability groups G1 – G3, the formation of burning melt drops during testing is not allowed (for materials belonging to flammability groups G1 and G2, the formation of melt drops is not allowed). For non-combustible building materials, other fire hazard indicators are not determined or standardized. 7. Based on flammability, combustible building materials (including floor carpets), depending on the value of the critical surface heat flux density, are divided into the following groups: 1) hardly flammable (B1), having a critical surface heat flux density of more than 35 kilowatts per square meter; 2) moderately flammable (B2), having a critical surface heat flux density of at least 20, but not more than 35 kilowatts per square meter; 3) flammable (B3), having a critical surface heat flux density of less than 20 kilowatts per square meter. 8. Based on the speed of flame propagation over the surface, combustible building materials (including floor carpets), depending on the value of the critical surface heat flux density, are divided into the following groups: 1) non-propagating (RP1), having a critical surface heat flux density of more than 11 kilowatts per square meter; 2) weakly propagating (RP2), having a critical surface heat flux density of at least 8, but not more than 11 kilowatts per square meter; 3) moderately spreading (RPZ), having a critical surface heat flux density of at least 5, but not more than 8 kilowatts per square meter; 4) highly propagating (RP4), having a critical surface heat flux density of less than 5 kilowatts per square meter. 9. According to their smoke-forming ability, combustible building materials, depending on the value of the smoke-formation coefficient, are divided into the following groups: 1) with low smoke-forming ability (D1), having a smoke-formation coefficient of less than 50 square meters per kilogram;
2) with moderate smoke-generating ability (D2), having a smoke generation coefficient of at least 50, but not more than 500 square meters per kilogram; 3) with high smoke-generating ability (D3), having a smoke generation coefficient of more than 500 square meters per kilogram. 10. Based on the toxicity of combustion products, combustible building materials are divided into the following groups in accordance with Table 2 of the appendix to this Federal Law: 1) low-hazard (T1); 2) moderately dangerous (T2); 3) highly dangerous (T3); 4) extremely dangerous (T4). 11. Fire hazard classes depending on the fire hazard groups of building materials are given in Table 3 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 12. For floor carpets, the flammability group is not determined. 13. Textile and leather materials are divided into flammable and low-flammable according to their flammability. Fabric (non-woven fabric) is classified as a flammable material if the following conditions are met during testing: 1) the flame burning time of any of the samples tested when ignited from the surface is more than 5 seconds; 2) any of the samples tested when ignited from the surface burns out to one of its edges; 3) cotton wool catches fire under any of the tested samples; 4) the surface flash of any of the samples extends more than 100 millimeters from the point of ignition from the surface or edge; 5) the average length of the charred section of any of the samples tested when exposed to flame from the surface or edge is more than 150 millimeters. 14. To classify construction, textile and leather materials, the value of the flame propagation index (I) should be used – a conditional dimensionless indicator characterizing the ability of materials or substances to ignite, spread flame over the surface and generate heat. Based on flame propagation, materials are divided into the following groups: 1) those that do not spread flame over the surface, having a flame propagation index of 0; 2) slowly spreading flame over the surface, having a flame spread index of no more than 20; 3) quickly spreading flame over the surface, having a flame spread index of more than 20. 15. Test methods for determining the classification indicators of fire hazard of building, textile and leather materials are established by fire safety regulations. Chapter 4. Indicators of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard and classification of technological environments by fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard Article 14. The purpose of classifying technological environments by fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard Classification of technological environments by fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard is used to establish safe parameters for conducting a technological process. Article 15. Indicators of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of technological environments 1.
The fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of technological environments is characterized by indicators of the fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of substances circulating in the technological process and the parameters of the technological process. The list of indicators necessary to assess the fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of substances is given in Table 1 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 2. Methods for determining indicators of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of substances included in process media are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 16. Classification of technological media according to fire and explosion hazard 1. Technological media according to fire and explosion hazard are divided into the following groups: 1) fire hazardous; 2) fire and explosion hazardous; 3) explosive; 4) fireproof. 2. An environment is classified as fire hazardous if the formation of a flammable environment is possible, as well as the appearance of an ignition source of sufficient power to cause a fire. 3. An environment is classified as fire and explosion hazardous if it is possible to form mixtures of an oxidizer with flammable gases, vapors of flammable liquids, flammable aerosols and combustible dusts, in which an explosion and (or) fire can be initiated when an ignition source appears. 4. An environment is classified as explosive if it is possible to form mixtures of air with flammable gases, vapors of flammable liquids, flammable liquids, flammable aerosols and flammable dusts or fibers, and if at a certain concentration of fuel and the appearance of a source of initiation of an explosion (ignition source), it is capable of exploding. 5. Fireproof environments include a space in which there is no flammable medium and (or) oxidizer. Chapter 5. Classification of fire and explosion hazardous areas Article 17. Purpose of classification The classification of fire and explosion hazardous areas is used to select electrical and other equipment according to the degree of their protection, ensuring their fire and explosion-proof operation in the specified area. Article 18. Classification of fire hazardous zones 1. Fire hazardous zones are divided into the following classes: 1) P-I – zones located in rooms in which flammable liquids with a flash point of 61 degrees Celsius or more are circulated; 2) P-II – zones located in rooms in which flammable dusts or fibers are emitted; 3) P-IIa – zones located in rooms in which solid flammable substances circulate in quantities at which the specific fire load is at least 1 megajoule per square meter; 4) P-III – zones located outside buildings, structures, structures in which flammable liquids with a flash point of 61 degrees Celsius or more or any solid flammable substances circulate. 2. Methods for determining the classification indicators of a fire hazardous zone are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 19. Classification of hazardous areas 1.
Depending on the frequency and duration of the presence of an explosive mixture, explosive zones are divided into the following classes: 1) class 0 – zones in which an explosive gas mixture is present constantly or at least for one hour; 2) 1st class – zones located in rooms in which, during normal operation of equipment, flammable gases or vapors of flammable liquids are released, forming explosive mixtures with air; 3) 2nd class – zones located in rooms in which, during normal operation of equipment, explosive mixtures of flammable gases or vapors of flammable liquids with air are not formed, but are possible only as a result of an accident or damage to process equipment; 4) class 20 – zones in which explosive mixtures of combustible dust with air have a lower ignition concentration limit of less than 65 grams per cubic meter and are constantly present; 5) Class 21 – zones located in rooms in which, during normal operation of equipment, flammable dust or fibers that become suspended are released and capable of forming explosive mixtures with air at a concentration of 65 grams or less per cubic meter; 6) Class 22 – zones located in rooms in which, during normal operation of equipment, explosive mixtures of flammable dusts or fibers with air are not formed at a concentration of 65 or less grams per cubic meter, but the formation of such an explosive mixture of flammable dusts or fibers with air is possible only as a result of an accident or damage to process equipment. 2. Methods for determining the classification indicators of an explosive zone are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Chapter 6. Classification of electrical equipment by fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard Article 20. Purpose of classification Classification of electrical equipment by fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard is used to determine the area of its safe use and the corresponding area of marking of electrical equipment, as well as to determine fire safety requirements for the operation of electrical equipment. Article 21. Classification of electrical equipment according to fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard 1. Depending on the degree of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard, electrical equipment is divided into the following types: 1) electrical equipment without fire and explosion protection means; 2) fireproof electrical equipment (for fire hazardous areas); 3) explosion-proof electrical equipment (for explosive areas). 2. The degree of fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard of electrical equipment means the danger of an ignition source occurring inside the electrical equipment and (or) the danger of contact of the ignition source with the flammable environment surrounding the electrical equipment. Electrical equipment without fire and explosion protection means is not classified according to the levels of fire protection and explosion protection. Article 22.
Classification of fire-protected electrical equipment 1. Electrical equipment used in fire hazardous areas is classified according to the degree of protection against penetration of water and external solid objects provided by the design of this electrical equipment. Classification of fire-protected electrical equipment is carried out in accordance with tables 4 and 5 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 2. Methods for determining the degree of protection of the shell of fire-protected electrical equipment are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. 3. Marking of the degree of protection of the enclosure of electrical equipment is carried out using the international protection mark (IP) and two numbers, the first of which means protection from the ingress of solid objects, the second – from the ingress of water. Article 23. Classification of explosion-proof electrical equipment 1. Explosion-proof electrical equipment is classified according to explosion protection levels, types of explosion protection, groups and temperature classes. 2. Explosion-proof electrical equipment according to explosion protection levels is divided into the following types: 1) especially explosion-proof electrical equipment (level 0); 2) explosion-proof electrical equipment (level 1); 3) electrical equipment with increased reliability against explosion (level 2). 3. Particularly explosion-proof electrical equipment is explosion-proof electrical equipment with additional means of explosion protection. 4. Explosion-proof electrical equipment provides explosion protection both during normal operation of the equipment and in case of damage, with the exception of damage to explosion protection equipment. Electrical equipment of increased reliability against explosion provides explosion protection only during normal operation of the equipment (in the absence of accidents and damage). 5. Explosion-proof electrical equipment by type of explosion protection is divided into equipment that has: 1) an explosion-proof enclosure (d); 2) filling or purging the shell under excess pressure with protective gas (p); 3) intrinsically safe electrical circuit (i); 4) quartz filling of the shell with current-carrying parts (q); 5) oil filling of the shell with live parts (o); 6) a special type of explosion protection, determined by the characteristics of the object (s); 7) any other type of protection (e). 6. Explosion-proof electrical equipment, according to the permissibility of use in zones, is divided into equipment: 1) with industrial gases and vapors (group II and subgroups IIA, IIB, IIC); 2) with mine methane (group I). 7. Depending on the highest permissible surface temperature, explosion-proof electrical equipment of group II is divided into the following temperature classes: 1) T1 (450 degrees Celsius); 2) T2 (300 degrees Celsius); 3) T3(200 degrees Celsius); 4) T4 (135 degrees Celsius); 5) T5 (100 degrees Celsius); 6) T6 (85 degrees Celsius). 8. Explosion-proof electrical equipment must be marked. The following sequence must be indicated: 1) sign of the explosion protection level of electrical equipment (2, 1, 0);
2) a sign classifying electrical equipment as explosion-proof (Ex); 3) sign of the type of explosion protection (d, p, i, q, o, s, e); 4) sign of a group or subgroup of electrical equipment (I, II, IIA, IIB, IIC); 5) sign of the temperature class of electrical equipment (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6). 9. Methods for testing explosion-proof electrical equipment for belonging to the appropriate level, type, group (subgroup), temperature class are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Chapter 7. Classification of outdoor installations by fire hazard Article 24. The purpose of classifying outdoor installations by fire hazard 1. Classification of outdoor installations by fire hazard is used to establish fire safety requirements aimed at preventing the possibility of a fire and ensuring fire protection of people and property in the event of a fire in outdoor installations. 2. The classification of outdoor installations by fire hazard is based on determining their belonging to the appropriate category. 3. Fire hazard categories of outdoor installations must be indicated in the design documentation for capital construction and reconstruction projects, and the designation of the categories must be indicated on the installation. Article 25. Determination of categories of outdoor installations based on fire hazard 1. Based on fire hazard, outdoor installations are divided into the following categories: 1) increased fire and explosion hazard (AH); 2) explosion and fire hazard (BN); 3) fire hazard (FH); 4) moderate fire hazard (FH); 5) reduced fire hazard (DN). 2. Categories of outdoor installations for fire hazard are determined based on the fire hazardous properties of flammable substances and materials contained in the installations, their quantity and the characteristics of technological processes. 3. The installation belongs to the AN category if it contains (stored, processed, transported) flammable gases, flammable liquids with a flash point of no more than 28 degrees Celsius, substances and (or) materials capable of burning when interacting with water, air oxygen and (or) with each other (provided that the fire risk in the possible combustion of these substances with the formation of pressure waves exceeds one millionth per year at a distance of 30 meters from outdoor installation). 4. An installation belongs to the BN category if it contains, stores, processes or transports flammable dusts and (or) fibers, flammable liquids with a flash point of more than 28 degrees Celsius, flammable liquids (provided that the magnitude of the fire risk due to the possible combustion of dust and (or) steam-air mixtures with the formation of pressure waves exceeds one millionth per year at a distance of 30 meters from the external installation). 5.
An installation belongs to the VN category if it contains (stored, processed, transported) flammable and (or) low-flammable liquids, solid flammable and (or) low-flammable substances and (or) materials (including dust and (or) fibers), substances and (or) materials that can burn when interacting with water, atmospheric oxygen and (or) with each other, and if the criteria that allow the installation to be classified as AN or BN (provided that the fire risk from possible combustion of the specified substances and (or) materials exceeds one millionth per year at a distance of 30 meters from the outdoor installation). 6. An installation belongs to the GN category if it contains (stores, processes, transports) non-combustible substances and (or) materials in a hot, incandescent and (or) molten state, the processing of which is accompanied by the release of radiant heat, sparks and (or) flame, as well as flammable gases, liquids and (or) solids that are burned or disposed of as fuel. 7. An installation belongs to the DN category if it contains (stored, processed, transported) mainly non-flammable substances and (or) materials in a cold state and if, according to the criteria listed above, it does not belong to the AN, BN, VN or GN category. 8. Determination of categories of outdoor installations according to fire danger is carried out by sequentially checking their belonging to categories from the most dangerous (AN) to the least dangerous (DN). 9. Methods for determining the classification characteristics of categories of outdoor installations for fire hazard are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Chapter 8. Classification of buildings, structures, structures and premises by fire and explosion hazard Article 26. The purpose of classifying buildings, structures, structures and premises by fire and explosion hazard Classification of buildings, structures, structures and premises by fire and explosion hazard is used to establish fire safety requirements aimed at preventing the possibility of a fire and ensuring fire protection of people and property in the event of a fire in buildings, structures, structures and premises. Article 27. Determination of the category of buildings, structures, structures and premises according to fire and explosion hazard 1. According to fire and explosion hazard, industrial and storage premises, regardless of their functional purpose, are divided into the following categories: 1) increased explosion and fire hazard (A); 2) fire and explosion hazard (B); 3) fire hazard (B1 – B4); 4) moderate fire hazard (D); 5) reduced fire hazard (D). 2. Buildings, structures, structures and premises for other purposes are not subject to division into categories. 3.
Categories of premises for fire and explosion hazard are determined based on the type of flammable substances and materials located in the premises, their quantity and fire hazardous properties, as well as based on the space-planning solutions of the premises and the characteristics of the technological processes carried out in them. 4. Determination of categories of premises should be carried out by sequentially checking whether the premises belong to categories from the most dangerous (A) to the least dangerous (D). 5. Category A includes rooms in which there are (circulate) flammable gases, flammable liquids with a flash point of no more than 28 degrees Celsius in such quantities that they can form explosive vapor-gas mixtures, upon ignition of which a calculated excess explosion pressure in the room develops in excess of 5 kilopascals, and (or) substances and materials that can explode and burn when interacting with water, air oxygen or with each other, in such an amount that the calculated excess explosion pressure in the room exceeds 5 kilopascals. 6. Category B includes rooms in which flammable dusts or fibers are located (circulated), flammable liquids with a flash point of more than 28 degrees Celsius, flammable liquids in such quantities that they can form explosive dust-air or steam-air mixtures, upon ignition of which a calculated excess explosion pressure in the room develops in excess of 5 kilopascals. 7. Categories B1 – B4 include premises in which flammable and low-flammable liquids, solid flammable and low-flammable substances and materials (including dust and fibers), substances and materials that can only burn when interacting with water, air oxygen or with each other are located (handled), provided that the rooms in which they are located (handled) do not belong to category A or B. 8. Classification of premises to categories B1, B2, B3 or B4 is carried out depending on the quantity and method of placing the fire load in the specified room and its space-planning characteristics, as well as on the fire hazardous properties of the substances and materials that make up the fire load. 9. Category D includes premises in which non-combustible substances and materials are located (handled) in a hot, incandescent or molten state, the processing of which is accompanied by the release of radiant heat, sparks and flames, and (or) flammable gases, liquids and solids that are burned or disposed of as fuel. 10. Category D includes premises in which non-combustible substances and materials are located (handled) in a cold state. 11. Categories of buildings, structures and structures for fire and explosion hazard are determined based on the share and total area of premises of a particular hazard category in this building, structure, structure. 12.
A building is classified as Category A if the total area of Category A premises in it exceeds 5 percent of the area of all premises or 200 square meters. 13. A building does not belong to category A if the summed area of category A premises in the building does not exceed 25 percent of the summed area of all premises located in it (but not more than 1000 square meters) and these premises are equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations. 14. A building belongs to category B if the following conditions are simultaneously met: the building does not belong to category A and the summed area of premises of categories A and B exceeds 5 percent of the summed area of all premises or 200 square meters. 15. A building does not belong to category B if the summed area of premises of categories A and B in the building does not exceed 25 percent of the summed area of all premises located in it (but not more than 1000 square meters) and these premises are equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations. 16. A building belongs to category B if the following conditions are simultaneously met: the building does not belong to category A or B and the summed area of premises of categories A, B, B1 B2 and B3 exceeds 5 percent (10 percent if the building does not have premises of categories A and B) of the summed area of all premises. 17. A building does not belong to category B if the summed area of premises of categories A, B, B1 B2 and B3 in the building does not exceed 25 percent of the summed area of all premises located in it (but not more than 3500 square meters) and these premises are equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations. 18. A building belongs to category D if the following conditions are simultaneously met: the building does not belong to category A, B or C and the summed area of premises of categories A, B, B1, B2, VZ and D exceeds 5 percent of the summed area of all premises. 19. A building does not belong to category D if the summed area of premises of categories A, B, B1, B2, VZ and D in the building does not exceed 25 percent of the summed area of all premises located in it (but not more than 5000 square meters) and premises of categories A, B, B1, B2 and B3 are equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations. 20. A building belongs to category D if it does not belong to categories A, B, C or D. 21. Methods for determining the classification criteria for classifying buildings and premises for industrial and warehouse purposes into fire and explosion hazard categories are established by fire safety regulations. 22. Categories of buildings, structures, structures and premises for industrial and warehouse purposes according to fire and explosion hazard are indicated in the design documentation for capital construction and reconstruction projects. Chapter 9. Fire-technical classification of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments Article 28. Purpose of classification 1.
Fire-technical classification of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments is used to establish fire safety requirements for fire safety systems of buildings, structures and structures, depending on their functional purpose and fire hazard. 2. The degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments, their functional and structural fire hazard classes are indicated in the design documentation for capital construction and reconstruction projects. Article 29. Fire-technical classification of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments Classification of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments is carried out taking into account the following criteria: 1) degree of fire resistance; 2) class of structural fire hazard; 3) functional fire hazard class. Article 30. Classification of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments according to the degree of fire resistance 1. Buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments according to the degree of fire resistance are divided into buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments of I, II, III, IV and V degrees of fire resistance. 2. The procedure for determining the degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments is established by Article 87 of this Federal Law. Article 31. Classification of buildings, structures, fire compartment structures by structural fire hazard 1. Buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments by structural fire hazard are divided into classes C0, C1, C2 and C3. 2. The procedure for determining the class of structural fire hazard of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments is established by Article 87 of this Federal Law. Article 32. Classification of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments according to functional fire hazard 1. Buildings (structures, structures, fire compartments and parts of buildings, structures, structures – rooms or groups of premises, functionally interconnected) according to the class of functional fire hazard depending on their purpose, as well as on the age, physical condition and number of people in the building, structure, structure, the possibility of them being in a state of sleep are divided into: 1) F1 – buildings intended for permanent residence and temporary stay of people, including: a) F1.1 – buildings of preschool educational institutions, specialized homes for the elderly and disabled (non-apartment), hospitals, dormitories of boarding educational institutions and children's institutions; b) F1.2 – hotels, hostels, dormitories of sanatoriums and general rest houses, campsites, motels and boarding houses; c) F1.3 – multi-apartment residential buildings; d) F1.4 – single-apartment residential buildings, including blocked ones; 2) F2 – buildings of entertainment and cultural and educational institutions, including:
a) F2.1 – theaters, cinemas, concert halls, clubs, circuses, sports facilities with stands, libraries and other institutions with an estimated number of seats for visitors in enclosed spaces; b) F2.2 – museums, exhibitions, dance halls and other similar institutions in enclosed spaces; c) F2.3 – buildings of institutions specified in subparagraph "a" of this paragraph, in the open air; d) F2.4 – buildings of institutions specified in subparagraph "b" of this paragraph, in the open air; 3) F3 – buildings of public service organizations, including: a) F3.1 – buildings of trade organizations; b) F3.2 – buildings of public catering organizations; c) F3.3 – train stations; d) F3.4 – clinics and outpatient clinics; e) F3.5 – premises for visitors of consumer and public service organizations with an unreasonable number of seats for visitors; f) F3.6 – physical education and health complexes and sports training institutions with premises without stands for spectators, household premises, baths; 4) F4 – buildings of scientific and educational institutions, scientific and design organizations, governing bodies of institutions, including: a) F4.1 – buildings of general educational institutions, educational institutions of additional education for children, educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education; b) F4.2 – buildings of educational institutions of higher professional education and additional professional education (advanced training) of specialists; c) F4.3 – buildings of governing bodies of institutions, design and engineering organizations, information and editorial and publishing organizations, scientific organizations, banks, offices, offices; d) F4.4 – fire station buildings; 5) F5 – buildings for production or storage purposes, including: a) F5.1 – industrial buildings, structures, structures, production and laboratory premises, workshops; 6) F5.2 – warehouse buildings, structures, structures, parking lots for cars without maintenance and repair, book depositories, archives, warehouses; c) F5.3 – buildings for agricultural purposes. 2. The rules for classifying buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments into classes of structural fire hazard are determined in the regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 33. Classification of fire station buildings 1. Fire station buildings, depending on the purpose, number of vehicles, composition of premises and their areas, are divided into the following types: 1) I – fire stations for 6, 8, 10 and 12 vehicles for the protection of urban settlements; 2) II – fire stations for 2, 4 and 6 vehicles for the protection of urban settlements; 3) III – fire stations for 6, 8, 10 and 12 vehicles for the protection of organizations; 4) IV – fire stations for 2, 4 and 6 cars for the protection of organizations; 5) V – fire stations for 1, 2, 3 and 4 vehicles for the protection of rural settlements. 2.
Fire station buildings of types I and III are designed if they accommodate control bodies of fire departments stationed on the territory of a populated area or organization, and (or) the fire department duty and dispatch service. Chapter 10. Fire-technical classification of building structures and fire barriers Article 34. Purpose of classification 1. Building structures are classified by fire resistance to determine the possibility of their use in buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments of a certain degree of fire resistance or to determine the degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments. 2. Building structures are classified according to fire hazard to determine the degree of participation of building structures in the development of a fire and their ability to form fire hazards. 3. Fire barriers are classified according to the method of preventing the spread of dangerous fire factors, as well as by fire resistance for the selection of building structures and filling openings in fire barriers with the required fire resistance limit and fire hazard class. Article 35. Classification of building structures by fire resistance 1. Building structures of buildings, structures and structures, depending on their ability to resist the effects of fire and the spread of its hazardous factors under standard test conditions, are divided into building structures with the following fire resistance limits: 1) non-standardized; 2) at least 15 minutes; 3) at least 30 minutes; 4) at least 45 minutes; 5) at least 60 minutes; 6) at least 90 minutes; 7) at least 120 minutes; 8) at least 150 minutes; 9) at least 180 minutes; 10) at least 240 minutes; 11) at least 360 minutes. 2. The fire resistance limits of building structures are determined under standard test conditions. The onset of fire resistance limits of load-bearing and enclosing building structures under standard test conditions or as a result of calculations is established by the time of reaching one or successively several of the following signs of limit states: 1) loss of load-bearing capacity (R); 2) loss of integrity (E); 3) loss of thermal insulation ability due to an increase in temperature on the unheated surface of the structure to the limiting values (I) or reaching the limit value of the heat flux density at a standardized distance from the unheated surface of the structure (W). 3. The fire resistance limit for filling openings in fire barriers occurs when there is a loss of integrity (E), thermal insulation ability (I), reaching the maximum value of heat flux density (W) and (or) smoke and gas impermeability (S). 4. Methods for determining the fire resistance limits of building structures and signs of limit states are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. 5. Symbols of fire resistance limits of building structures contain letter designations of the limit state and group. Article 36.
Classification of building structures by fire hazard 1. Building structures by fire hazard are divided into the following classes: 1) non-fire hazardous (K0); 2) low fire hazard (K1); 3) moderate fire hazard (K2); 4) fire hazardous (K3). 2. The fire hazard class of building structures is determined in accordance with Table 6 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 3. The numerical values of the criteria for classifying building structures into a certain fire hazard class are determined in accordance with the methods established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 37. Classification of fire barriers 1. Fire barriers, depending on the method of preventing the spread of dangerous fire factors, are divided into the following types: 1) fire walls; 2) fire partitions; 3) fireproof ceilings; 4) fire breaks; 5) fire curtains, curtains and screens; 6) fire-fighting water curtains; 7) fire-fighting mineralized strips. 2. Fire walls, partitions and ceilings, filling openings in fire barriers (fire doors, gates, hatches, valves, windows, blinds, curtains) depending on the fire resistance limits of their enclosing part, as well as vestibules provided in the openings of fire barriers depending on the types of vestibule elements, are divided into the following types: 1) walls 1st or 2nd type; 2) partitions 1st or 2nd type; 3) floors 1, 2, 3 or 4 types; 4) doors, gates, 1, 2 or 3 types; hatches, valves, screens, curtains 5) windows 1, 2 or 3 types; 6) curtains type 1; 7) vestibule-gateways of the 1st or 2nd type. 3. The classification of fire barriers to one type or another depending on the fire resistance limits of the elements of fire barriers and the types of filling of openings in them is carried out in accordance with Article 88 of this Federal Law. Chapter 11. Fire-technical classification of stairs and staircases Article 38. Purpose of classification Stairs and staircases are classified in order to determine the requirements for their space-planning and design solutions, as well as to establish requirements for their use on evacuation routes for people. Article 39. Classification of stairs 1. Stairs intended for the evacuation of people from buildings, structures and structures in case of fire are divided into the following types: 1) internal stairs located on stairwells; 2) internal open stairs; 3) external open stairs. 2. Fire escapes designed to provide fire extinguishing and emergency rescue operations are divided into the following types: 1) P1 – vertical ladders; 2) P2 – flight stairs with a slope of no more than 6:1. Article 40. Classification of staircases 1. Staircases, depending on the degree of their protection from smoke in case of fire, are divided into the following types: 1) ordinary staircases; 2) smoke-free stairwells. 2.
Conventional staircases, depending on the method of lighting, are divided into the following types: 1) L1 – staircases with natural lighting through glazed or open openings in the external walls on each floor; 2) L2 – staircases with natural light through glazed or open openings in the roof. 3. Smoke-free staircases, depending on the method of protection against smoke in case of fire, are divided into the following types: 1) H1 – staircases with an entrance to the staircase from the floor through a smoke-free external air zone along open passages; 2) H2 – staircases with air supply to the staircase in case of fire; 3) H3 – staircases with entrance to them on each floor through a vestibule-gateway, in which air pressure is constantly provided or during a fire. Chapter 12. Classification of fire equipment Article 41. Purpose of classification Classification of fire equipment is used to determine its purpose, scope, as well as to establish fire safety requirements for the operation of fire equipment. Article 42. Classification of fire equipment Fire equipment, depending on the purpose and scope of application, is divided into the following types: 1) primary fire extinguishing equipment; 2) mobile fire extinguishing equipment; 3) fire extinguishing installations; 4) fire automatic equipment; 5) fire fighting equipment; 6) means of personal protection and rescue of people in case of fire; 7) firefighting tools (mechanized and non-mechanized); 8) fire alarms, communications and notification. Article 43. Classification and scope of application of primary fire extinguishing means Primary fire extinguishing means are intended for use by employees of organizations, personnel of fire departments and other persons for the purpose of fighting fires and are divided into the following types: 1) portable and mobile fire extinguishers; 2) fire hydrants and means of ensuring their use; 3) fire equipment; 4) blankets to isolate the source of fire. Article 44. Classification of mobile fire extinguishing equipment 1. Mobile fire extinguishing equipment includes transport or transportable fire trucks intended for use by personnel of fire departments when extinguishing fires. 2. Mobile fire extinguishing equipment is divided into the following types: 1) fire trucks (main and special); 2) firefighting aircraft, helicopters; 3) fire trains; 4) fire ships; 5) fire motor pumps; 6) adapted technical means (tractors, trailers and tractors). Article 45. Classification of fire extinguishing installations 1. Fire extinguishing installations are a set of stationary technical means of extinguishing a fire by releasing a fire extinguishing agent. Fire extinguishing installations must ensure localization or elimination of fire.
Fire extinguishing installations according to their design are divided into modular and modular, according to the degree of automation – into automatic, automated and manual, according to the type of fire extinguishing agent – into water, foam, gas, powder, aerosol and combined, according to the extinguishing method – into volumetric, surface, local-volumetric and local-surface. 2. The type of fire extinguishing installation, extinguishing method and type of fire extinguishing agent are determined by the design organization. At the same time, the fire extinguishing installation must ensure: 1) implementation of effective fire extinguishing technologies, optimal inertia, minimal harmful effects on the protected equipment; 2) activation within a time period not exceeding the duration of the initial stage of fire development (critical time of free development of the fire); 3) the required intensity of irrigation or specific consumption of fire extinguishing agent; 4) extinguishing a fire in order to eliminate or localize it within the time necessary for the deployment of operational forces and means; 5) required reliability of operation. Article 46. Classification of fire automatic equipment Automatic fire equipment is intended for automatic fire detection, notification of people about it and management of their evacuation, automatic fire extinguishing and activation of actuators of smoke protection systems, control of engineering and technological equipment of buildings and facilities. Fire automatic equipment is divided into: 1) fire detectors; 2) fire alarm control devices; 3) fire control devices; 4) technical means of warning and fire evacuation control; 5) systems for transmitting fire notifications; 6) other instruments and equipment for constructing fire automatic systems. Article 47. Classification of personal protective equipment and rescue of people in case of fire 1. Personal protective equipment for people in case of fire is intended to protect personnel of fire departments and people from the effects of dangerous fire factors. Means for rescuing people in case of fire are intended for self-rescue of personnel of fire departments and rescue of people from a burning building, structure, structure. 2. Personal protective equipment for people in case of fire is divided into: 1) personal protective equipment for respiratory and visual organs; 2) personal protective equipment for firefighters. 3. Means of rescuing people from heights in case of fire are divided into: 1) individual means; 2) collective means. Chapter 13. Fire prevention system Article 48. The purpose of creating fire prevention systems 1. The purpose of creating fire prevention systems is to eliminate the conditions for the occurrence of fires. 2. Elimination of conditions for the occurrence of fires is achieved by excluding the conditions for the formation of a flammable environment and (or) excluding the conditions for the formation of ignition sources in a flammable environment (or introduction into it). 3.
The composition and functional characteristics of fire prevention systems at the protection facility are established by this Federal Law. Rules and methods of research (testing and measuring) of the characteristics of fire prevention systems are determined in accordance with regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 49. Methods for eliminating the conditions for the formation of a flammable environment. The elimination of conditions for the formation of a flammable environment must be ensured by one or more of the following methods: 1) the use of non-flammable substances and materials; 2) limiting the mass and (or) volume of flammable substances and materials; 3) use of the safest methods of placing flammable substances and materials, as well as materials whose interaction with each other leads to the formation of a flammable environment; 4) isolation of the flammable environment from ignition sources (use of isolated compartments, chambers, cabins); 5) maintaining a safe concentration of oxidizer and (or) flammable substances in the environment; 6) reducing the concentration of the oxidizer in the flammable medium in the protected volume; 7) maintaining the temperature and pressure of the environment at which the spread of flame is excluded; 8) mechanization and automation of technological processes associated with the circulation of flammable substances; 9) installation of fire hazardous equipment in separate rooms or open areas; 10) the use of devices to protect production equipment that prevent the release of flammable substances into the premises, or devices that prevent the formation of a flammable environment in the premises; 11) removal of fire hazardous production waste, dust deposits, and fluff from premises, technological equipment and communications. Article 50. Methods for eliminating the conditions for the formation of ignition sources in a flammable environment (or introducing into it) 1. Eliminating the conditions for the formation of ignition sources in a flammable environment (or introducing into it) must be achieved in one or more of the following ways: 1) the use of electrical equipment corresponding to the class of fire and (or) explosive zone, category and group of an explosive mixture; 2) the use in the design of high-speed means of protective shutdown of electrical installations and other devices that lead to the appearance of ignition sources; 3) the use of equipment and technological process modes that exclude the formation of static electricity; 4) arrangement of lightning protection of buildings, structures, structures and equipment; 5) maintaining a safe heating temperature for substances, materials and surfaces that come into contact with a flammable environment; 6) application of methods and devices for limiting the energy of a spark discharge in a flammable environment to safe values; 7) use of spark-proof tools when working with flammable liquids and combustible gases; 8) elimination of conditions for thermal, chemical and (or) microbiological spontaneous combustion of circulating substances, materials and products; 9) exclusion of contact with air of pyrophoric substances;
10) the use of devices that exclude the possibility of flame spreading from one volume to an adjacent one. 2. Safe values of the parameters of ignition sources are determined by the conditions of the technological process based on the fire hazard indicators of the substances and materials circulating in it, defined in Article 11 of this Federal Law. Chapter 14. Fire protection systems Article 51. The purpose of creating fire protection systems 1. The purpose of creating fire protection systems is to protect people and property from the effects of dangerous fire factors and (or) limit its consequences. 2. Protection of people and property from the effects of dangerous fire factors and (or) limitation of its consequences is ensured by reducing the dynamics of growth of dangerous fire factors, evacuating people and property to a safe area and (or) extinguishing the fire. 3. Fire protection systems must be reliable and resistant to fire hazards for the time necessary to achieve fire safety goals. 4. The composition and functional characteristics of fire protection systems for facilities are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 52. Methods of protecting people and property from the effects of fire hazards Protection of people and property from the effects of fire hazards and (or) limiting the consequences of their impact is ensured by one or more of the following methods: 1) the use of space-planning solutions and means to limit the spread of fire beyond the source; 2) arrangement of evacuation routes that meet the requirements for the safe evacuation of people in case of fire; 3) installation of fire detection systems (installations and fire alarm systems), warning and management of evacuation of people in case of fire; 4) the use of collective protection systems (including smoke protection) and personal protective equipment for people from the effects of dangerous fire factors; 5) the use of basic building structures with fire resistance limits and fire hazard classes corresponding to the required degree of fire resistance and the class of structural fire hazard of buildings, structures and structures, as well as limiting the fire hazard of surface layers (finishes, cladding and fire protection means) of building structures on evacuation routes; 6) the use of fire retardant compounds (including fire retardants and fire retardant paints) and building materials (cladding) to increase the fire resistance limits of building structures; 7) a device for emergency drainage of flammable liquids and emergency release of flammable gases from equipment; 8) installation of explosion protection systems on process equipment; 9) use of primary fire extinguishing means; 10) use of automatic fire extinguishing installations; 11) organization of activities of fire departments. Article 53. Evacuation routes for people in case of fire 1.
Each building, structure or structure must have a space-planning solution and design of evacuation routes that ensure the safe evacuation of people in case of fire. If it is impossible to safely evacuate people, their protection must be ensured through the use of collective protection systems. 2. To ensure the safe evacuation of people, the following must be established: 1) the required number, size and appropriate design of evacuation routes and emergency exits must be established; 2) unhindered movement of people along evacuation routes and through emergency exits is ensured; 3) warning and control of the movement of people along evacuation routes is organized (including the use of light signs, sound and voice warnings). 3. Safe evacuation of people from buildings, structures and structures in case of fire is considered ensured if the time interval from the moment the fire is detected until the completion of the process of evacuation of people to a safe area does not exceed the required time for evacuation of people in case of fire. 4. Methods for determining the necessary and estimated time, as well as the conditions for the unhindered and timely evacuation of people, are determined by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 54. Fire detection, warning and management systems for the evacuation of people in case of fire 1. Fire detection systems (installations and fire alarm systems), warning and management of evacuation of people in case of fire must ensure automatic fire detection in the time required to turn on the fire warning systems in order to organize a safe (taking into account the acceptable fire risk) evacuation of people in the conditions of a particular facility. 2. Fire alarm, warning and fire evacuation control systems must be installed at facilities where exposure to hazardous fire factors can lead to injuries and (or) death. The list of objects that must be equipped with these systems is established by fire safety regulations. Article 55. Collective protection systems and means of individual protection of people from dangerous factors of fire 1. Systems of collective protection and means of individual protection of people from the effects of dangerous factors of fire must ensure the safety of people during the entire period of exposure to dangerous factors of fire. 2. Collective protection systems for people must ensure their safety during the entire time of development and extinguishing of a fire or the time required to evacuate people to a safe area. In this case, the safety of people should be achieved through space-planning and design solutions for safe zones in buildings, structures and structures (including through the installation of smoke-free staircases), as well as through the use of technical means of protecting people on evacuation routes from the effects of dangerous fire factors (including smoke protection means). 3.
Personal protective equipment for people (including protection of their visual and respiratory organs) must ensure their safety during the time necessary to evacuate people to a safe area, or during the time necessary to carry out special fire extinguishing work. Personal protective equipment should be used both to protect evacuees and rescued people, and to protect firefighters involved in extinguishing a fire. Article 56. Smoke protection system 1. The smoke protection system of a building, structure or structure must ensure the protection of people on evacuation routes and in safe areas from the effects of dangerous fire factors during the time necessary to evacuate people to a safe area, or the entire time of development and extinguishing of the fire by removing combustion products and thermal decomposition and (or) preventing their spread. 2. The smoke protection system must provide one or more of the following methods of protection: 1) the use of space-planning solutions for buildings, structures and structures to combat smoke during a fire; 2) the use of design solutions for buildings, structures and structures to combat smoke during a fire; 3) use of supply smoke ventilation to create excess air pressure in protected rooms, airlocks and stairwells; 4) the use of devices and means of mechanical and natural exhaust smoke ventilation to remove combustion products and thermal decomposition. Article 57. Fire resistance and fire hazard of buildings, structures and structures 1. In buildings, structures and structures, basic building structures with fire resistance limits and fire hazard classes corresponding to the required degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures, structures and their structural fire hazard class must be used. 2. The required degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures, structures and the class of their structural fire hazard are established by fire safety regulations. Article 58. Fire resistance and fire hazard of building structures 1. The fire resistance and fire hazard class of building structures must be ensured through their design solutions, the use of appropriate building materials, as well as the use of fire protection means. 2. The required fire resistance limits of building structures, selected depending on the degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures and structures, are given in Table 21 of the appendix to this Federal Law. Article 59. Limitation of the spread of fire beyond the source. Limitation of the spread of fire beyond the source must be ensured by one or more of the following methods: 1) installation of fire barriers; 2) arrangement of fire compartments and sections, as well as limiting the number of storeys of buildings, structures and structures; 3) use of emergency shutdown devices and switching of installations and communications in case of fire;
4) the use of means that prevent or limit the spill and spreading of liquids during a fire; 5) use of fire-retarding devices in equipment; 6) use of fire extinguishing installations. Article 60. Primary fire extinguishing means in buildings, structures and structures 1. Buildings, structures and structures must be provided with primary fire extinguishing means by persons authorized to own, use or dispose of buildings, structures and structures. 2. The nomenclature, quantity and location of primary fire extinguishing means are established depending on the type of flammable material, space-planning solutions of the building, structure or structure, environmental parameters and locations of service personnel. Article 61. Automatic fire extinguishing installations 1. Buildings, structures and structures must be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations in cases where extinguishing a fire with primary fire extinguishing means is impossible, as well as in cases where maintenance personnel are in protected buildings, structures and structures not around the clock. 2. Automatic fire extinguishing installations must ensure the achievement of one or more of the following goals: 1) extinguishing a fire in a room (building) before critical values of fire hazards arise; 2) extinguishing a fire in a room (building) before the fire resistance limits of building structures are reached; 3) extinguishing a fire in the premises (building) before causing the maximum permissible damage to the protected property; 4) extinguishing a fire in a room (building) before there is a danger of destruction of technological installations. 3. The type of automatic fire extinguishing installation, the type of fire extinguishing agent and the method of its supply to the fire are determined depending on the type of combustible material, space-planning solutions of the building, structure, structure and environmental parameters. Article 62. Sources of fire-fighting water supply 1. Buildings, structures and structures, as well as the territories of organizations and settlements must have sources of fire-fighting water supply for extinguishing fires. 2. Natural and artificial reservoirs, as well as internal and external water supply systems (including drinking, domestic, utility and fire-fighting) can be used as sources of fire-fighting water supply. 3. The need for the construction of artificial reservoirs, the use of natural reservoirs and the installation of fire-fighting water supply systems, as well as their parameters, are determined by this Federal Law. Article 63. Primary fire safety measures Primary fire safety measures include: 1) implementation of the powers of local governments to resolve issues of organizational, legal, financial, logistical support for fire safety of the municipality;
2) development and implementation of measures to ensure fire safety of the municipality and municipal property, which must be provided for in plans and programs for the development of the territory, ensuring the proper condition of fire-fighting water supply sources, maintaining in good condition the means of ensuring fire safety of residential and public buildings in municipal ownership; 3) development and organization of implementation of municipal target programs on fire safety issues; 4) development of a plan for attracting forces and means to extinguish fires and carry out emergency rescue operations on the territory of the municipality and monitoring its implementation; 5) establishment of a special fire safety regime on the territory of the municipality, as well as additional fire safety requirements for the duration of its validity; 6) ensuring unhindered passage of fire equipment to the fire site; 7) ensuring communication and warning the population about a fire; 8) organizing training of the population on fire safety measures and propaganda in the field of fire safety, promoting the dissemination of fire-technical knowledge; 9) social and economic incentives for the participation of citizens and organizations in voluntary fire protection, including participation in fire fighting. Article 64. Requirements for the fire safety declaration 1. The fire safety declaration is drawn up in relation to protected objects for which the legislation of the Russian Federation on urban planning activities provides for state examination of design documentation, as well as for buildings of functional fire hazard class F1.1 and provides for: 1) fire risk assessment (if risk calculation is carried out); 2) assessment of possible damage to the property of third parties from fire (can be carried out as part of voluntary insurance of liability for damage to third parties from fire). 2. If the owner of the object of protection or the person who owns the object of protection on the right of lifelong inheritable ownership, economic management, operational management or on another basis provided for by federal law or agreement, fulfills the requirements of federal laws on technical regulations and regulatory documents on fire safety, the declaration indicates only a list of the specified requirements for a specific object of protection. 3. The fire safety declaration for the designed protection object is drawn up by the developer or the person preparing the design documentation. 4.
The owner of the object of protection, or the person who owns the object of protection by the right of lifelong inheritable ownership, economic management, operational management or on another basis provided for by federal law or agreement, or the management body of an apartment building that developed the fire safety declaration, are responsible for the completeness and accuracy of the information contained in it in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. 5. Development of a fire safety declaration is not required for individual housing construction projects with a height of no more than three floors. 6. The fire safety declaration is updated or developed again in the event of changes in the information contained in it or in the event of changes in fire safety requirements. 7. For protection facilities in operation on the date of entry into force of this Federal Law, a fire safety declaration is provided no later than one year after the date of its entry into force. 8. The form and procedure for registering a fire safety declaration are approved by the federal executive body authorized to solve problems in the field of fire safety before the day this Federal Law comes into force. Section II Fire safety requirements for the design, construction and operation of settlements and urban districts Chapter 15. Fire safety requirements for urban planning activities Article 65. Documentation requirements for planning the territories of settlements and urban districts The planning and development of the territories of settlements and urban districts must be carried out in accordance with the master plans of settlements and urban districts, taking into account the fire safety requirements established by this Federal Law. The composition and functional characteristics of fire safety systems in populated areas should be included in the design documentation in the form of the section "List of measures to ensure fire safety". Article 66. Placement of fire and explosion hazardous facilities on the territories of settlements and urban districts 1. Hazardous production facilities at which fire and explosive hazardous substances and materials are produced, used, processed, formed, stored, transported, destroyed and for which the development of an industrial safety declaration (hereinafter referred to as fire and explosion hazardous objects) must be located outside the boundaries of settlements and urban districts, and if this is not possible or is inappropriate, then measures must be developed to protect people, buildings, structures and structures located outside the territory of a fire and explosion hazardous facility from the effects of dangerous factors of fire and (or) explosion. Other production facilities, in the territories of which buildings, structures and structures of categories A, B and C are located in terms of explosion and fire hazard, can be located both in the territories and outside the boundaries of settlements and urban districts.
In this case, the calculated value of fire risk should not exceed the permissible value of fire risk established by this Federal Law. When locating fire and explosion hazardous objects within the boundaries of settlements and urban districts, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of the impact of fire hazards on neighboring protection objects, climatic and geographical features, terrain, direction of river flow and the prevailing wind direction. At the same time, the distance from the boundaries of the land plot of the production facility to buildings of functional hazard classes F1 – F4, land plots of children's preschool educational institutions, general education institutions, health care and recreation institutions must be at least 50 meters. 2. Liquefied natural gas complexes should be located downwind of populated areas. Warehouses of liquefied hydrocarbon gases and flammable liquids should be located outside the residential area of populated areas on the leeward side of the prevailing wind direction in relation to residential areas. Land plots for the placement of warehouses for liquefied hydrocarbon gases and flammable liquids must be located downstream of the river in relation to populated areas, piers, river stations, hydroelectric power stations, ship repair and shipbuilding organizations, bridges and structures at a distance of at least 300 meters from them, unless federal laws on technical regulations establish large distances from these structures. It is allowed to locate warehouses upstream of the river in relation to the specified structures at a distance of at least 3000 meters from them, provided that the warehouses are equipped with warning and communication means, as well as means of localizing and extinguishing fires. 3. Structures for warehouses of liquefied hydrocarbon gases and flammable liquids should be located on land plots that have lower levels compared to the elevations of the territories of neighboring settlements, organizations and railway tracks of the general network. It is allowed to place these warehouses on land plots that have higher levels compared to the elevations of the territories of neighboring settlements, organizations and railway tracks of the general network, at a distance of more than 300 meters from them. In warehouses located at a distance of 100 to 300 meters, measures must be provided (including a second dike, emergency tanks, drainage channels, trenches) to prevent the spread of liquid in the territory of populated areas, organizations and on the railway tracks of the general network. 4. Within the limits of residential development zones, public and business zones and recreational zones of settlements and urban districts, it is allowed to locate production facilities in the territories of which there are no buildings, structures and structures of categories A, B and C in terms of explosion and fire hazard.
In this case, the distance from the boundaries of the land plot of the production facility to residential buildings, buildings of children's preschool educational institutions, general education institutions, health care and recreation institutions is established in accordance with the requirements of this Federal Law. 5. If it is impossible to eliminate the impact on people and residential buildings of dangerous factors of fire and explosion at fire and explosion hazardous facilities located within the residential development zone, it is necessary to provide for a reduction in power, repurposing organizations or individual production, or relocating the organization outside the residential development. Article 67. Passages, passages and entrances to buildings, structures and structures 1. Access for fire engines must be provided: 1) from two longitudinal sides – to buildings of multi-apartment residential buildings with a height of 28 meters or more (9 or more floors), to other buildings for permanent residence and temporary stay of people, buildings of entertainment and cultural and educational institutions, public service organizations, educational institutions, hospital-type institutions, scientific and design organizations, governing bodies of institutions with a height of 18 meters or more (6 or more floors); 2) from all sides – to single-section buildings of multi-apartment residential buildings, educational institutions, children's preschool educational institutions, medical institutions with a hospital, scientific and design organizations, governing bodies of institutions. 2. Access to fire trucks must be provided to buildings, structures and structures of production facilities along their entire length: 1) on one side – if the width of the building, structure or structure is no more than 18 meters; 2) on both sides – when the width of the building, structure or structure is more than 18 meters, as well as when constructing closed and semi-enclosed courtyards. 3. It is allowed to provide access for fire trucks only on one side to buildings, structures and structures in the cases of: 1) lower number of storeys than specified in paragraph 1 of part 1 of this article; 2) two-way orientation of apartments or premises; 3) installation of external open staircases connecting loggias and balconies of adjacent floors with each other, or type 3 staircases in the corridor layout of buildings. 4. For buildings with a built-up area of more than 10,000 square meters or a width of more than 100 meters, fire truck access must be provided from all sides. 5. It is allowed to increase the distance from the edge of the carriageway of the highway to the nearest wall of industrial buildings, structures and structures to 60 meters, provided that dead-end roads are constructed to these buildings, structures and structures with areas for turning fire equipment and the installation of fire hydrants on these areas. In this case, the distance from industrial buildings, structures and structures to areas for turning fire equipment should be at least 5, but not more than 15 meters, and the distance between dead-end roads should be no more than 100 meters. 6.
The width of passages for fire equipment must be at least 6 meters. 7. The total width of the fire passage combined with the main entrance to the building, structure and structure may include a sidewalk adjacent to the passage. 8. The distance from the inner edge of the entrance to the wall of the building, structure and structure should be: 1) for buildings with a height of no more than 28 meters – no more than 8 meters; 2) for buildings with a height of more than 28 meters – no more than 16 meters. 9. The design of the pavement of passages for fire fighting equipment must be designed for the load from fire fighting vehicles. 10. In closed and semi-enclosed courtyards, it is necessary to provide passages for fire trucks. 11. Through passages (arches) in buildings, structures and structures must be at least 3.5 meters wide, at least 4.5 meters high and located no more than every 300 meters, and in reconstructed areas when building along the perimeter – no more than every 180 meters. 12. In the historical development of settlements, it is allowed to maintain the existing dimensions of through passages (arches). 13. Dead-end driveways must end with areas for turning fire equipment measuring at least 15×15 meters. The maximum length of a dead-end driveway should not exceed 150 meters. 14. Through passages through staircases in buildings, structures and structures should be located at a distance of no more than 100 meters from one another. When buildings, structures and structures adjoin at an angle to each other, the distance along the perimeter from the side of the external water supply with fire hydrants is taken into account. 15. When using the stylobate roof for access to fire fighting equipment, the stylobate structures must be designed for a load from fire trucks of at least 16 tons per axle. 16. Rivers and reservoirs must be accessible for fire equipment to collect water in accordance with the requirements of fire safety regulations. 17. The planning solution for low-rise residential buildings (up to 3 floors inclusive) must ensure access of fire fighting equipment to buildings, structures and structures at a distance of no more than 50 meters. 18. On the territory of a gardening, gardening and dacha non-profit association of citizens, fire fighting equipment must be provided with access to all garden plots combined into groups and public facilities. On the territory of a horticultural, gardening and dacha non-profit association of citizens, the width of the carriageway of streets must be at least 7 meters, driveways – at least 3.5 meters. Article 68. Fire-fighting water supply to settlements and urban districts 1. On the territories of settlements and urban districts there must be sources of external or internal fire-fighting water supply. 2. Sources of external fire water supply include: 1) external water supply networks with fire hydrants; 2) water bodies used for fire extinguishing purposes in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. 3.
Settlements and urban districts must be equipped with fire-fighting water supply. In this case, the fire-fighting water supply system may be combined with drinking water supply or industrial water supply systems. 4. In settlements and urban districts with a population of up to 5,000 people, separate public buildings with a volume of up to 1,000 cubic meters, located in settlements and urban districts that do not have a ring fire water supply, industrial buildings with production categories B, D and D for fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard with a water consumption for external fire extinguishing of 10 liters per second, in roughage warehouses with a volume of up to 1000 cubic meters, mineral fertilizer warehouses with a volume of up to 5000 cubic meters, in buildings of radio and television transmitting stations, buildings of refrigerators and storages of vegetables and fruits, it is allowed to provide natural or artificial reservoirs as sources of external fire-fighting water supply. 5. It is allowed not to provide a water supply for external fire extinguishing in settlements with a population of up to 50 people when built with buildings up to 2 floors high, as well as in detached public catering organizations located outside the settlements with a building volume of up to 1000 cubic meters and trade organizations with an area of up to 150 square meters, public buildings of I, II, III and IV degrees of fire resistance with a volume of up to 250 cubic meters, located in settlements, industrial buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance with a volume of up to 1000 cubic meters (except for buildings with unprotected metal or wooden load-bearing structures, as well as with polymer insulation with a volume of up to 250 cubic meters) category D for fire and explosion hazard and fire hazard, seasonal universal receiving points for agricultural products with a building volume of up to 1000 cubic meters, warehouse buildings with an area of up to 50 square meters. 6. The water consumption for external fire extinguishing in settlements from the water supply network is established in tables 7 and 8 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 7. Water consumption for external fire extinguishing of buildings, the height or volume of which is greater than the height or volume specified in Table 8 of the appendix to this Federal Law, as well as public buildings with a volume of over 25,000 cubic meters with a large occupancy of people, must be increased by no less than 25 percent. 8. Water consumption for external fire extinguishing of one- and two-story production facilities and one-story warehouse buildings with a height of no more than 18 meters with load-bearing steel structures and enclosing structures made of profiled steel or asbestos-cement sheets with combustible or polymer insulation should be taken 10 liters per second more than the standards specified in tables 9 and 10 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 9.
Water consumption for external fire extinguishing of detached auxiliary buildings of production facilities should be taken in accordance with Table 8 of the Appendix to this Federal Law as for public buildings, and for those built into industrial buildings – according to the total volume of the building in accordance with Table 9 of the Appendix to this Federal Law. 10. Water consumption for external fire extinguishing of timber warehouses with a capacity of up to 10,000 cubic meters should be taken in accordance with Table 9 of the Appendix to this Federal Law, classifying them as buildings of the V degree of fire resistance, category B fire and explosion hazard. 11. Water consumption for external fire extinguishing of buildings of radio and television transmitting stations, regardless of the volume of buildings and the number of people living in settlements, should be at least 15 liters per second, unless, in accordance with tables 9 and 10 of the appendix to this Federal Law, a greater water consumption is not required. These requirements do not apply to radio-television repeaters installed at existing and planned communication facilities. 12. Water consumption for external fire extinguishing of buildings, the volume of which is greater than the volume specified in tables 9 and 10 of the appendix to this Federal Law, is established by fire safety regulations adopted in accordance with Article 4 of this Federal Law. 13. In a high-pressure water supply, stationary fire pumps must be equipped with devices that ensure the start of the pumps no later than 5 minutes after a signal about a fire is given. 14. The minimum free pressure in the low-pressure fire-fighting water supply network (at ground level) during fire fighting must be at least 10 meters. 15. The minimum free pressure in the high-pressure fire-fighting water supply network must ensure a compact jet height of at least 20 meters with full water consumption for fire extinguishing and the location of the fire nozzle at the highest point of the tallest building. 16. The installation of fire hydrants should be provided along highways at a distance of no more than 2.5 meters from the edge of the roadway, but not less than 5 meters from the walls of buildings; fire hydrants may be located on the roadway. In this case, the installation of fire hydrants on a branch from the water supply line is not allowed. 17. The placement of fire hydrants on the water supply network must ensure fire extinguishing of any building, structure, structure or part thereof served by this network from at least 2 hydrants with a water flow rate for external fire extinguishing of 15 or more liters per second, with a water flow rate of less than 15 liters per second – 1 hydrant. 18.
To ensure fire extinguishing in the common areas of a horticultural, gardening and dacha non-profit association of citizens, fire-fighting ponds or reservoirs with a capacity of at least 25 cubic meters with a number of plots of up to 300 and at least 60 cubic meters with a number of plots of more than 300 must be provided (each with sites for the installation of fire fighting equipment, with the possibility of water intake by pumps and the organization of access for at least 2 fire trucks). Chapter 16. Requirements for fire distances between buildings, structures and structures Article 69. Fire distances between buildings, structures and structures 1. Fire distances between residential, public and administrative buildings, buildings, structures and structures of industrial organizations, depending on the degree of fire resistance and the class of their structural fire hazard, should be taken in accordance with Table 11 of the Appendix to this Federal Law. 2. Fire distances between buildings, structures and structures are defined as the distances between external walls or other structures of buildings, structures and structures. If there are structures protruding more than 1 meter of buildings, structures and structures made of flammable materials, the distances between these structures should be taken. 3. Fire distances between the walls of buildings, structures and structures without window openings may be reduced by 20 percent, provided that the roof is made of non-combustible materials, with the exception of buildings of IV and V degrees of fire resistance and buildings of structural fire hazard classes C2 and C3. 4. It is allowed to reduce the fire distances between buildings, structures and structures of I and II degrees of fire resistance of structural fire hazard class C0 by 50 percent when more than 40 percent of the premises of each building, structure and structure are equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations. 5. In areas with seismicity of 9 points and above, fire distances between residential buildings, as well as between residential and public buildings of IV and V degrees of fire resistance, should be increased by 20 percent. 6. Fire distances from buildings, structures and structures of any degree of fire resistance to buildings, structures and structures of IV and V degrees of fire resistance in a coastal strip 100 kilometers wide or to the nearest mountain range in climatic subregions IB, IG, IIA and IIB should be increased by 25 percent. 7. Fire distances between residential buildings of IV and V degrees of fire resistance in climatic subregions IA, IB, IG, ID and IIA should be increased by 50 percent. 8. For two-story buildings, structures and structures of frame and panel construction of the V degree of fire resistance, as well as buildings, structures and structures with roofs made of flammable materials, fire distances should be increased by 20 percent. 9.
Fire distances between buildings, structures and structures of fire resistance degrees I and II can be reduced to 3.5 meters, provided that the wall of a higher building, structure and structure located opposite another building, structure and structure is fire-resistant type 1. 10. Fire distances from one- and two-apartment residential buildings and outbuildings (sheds, garages, bathhouses) on a personal plot of land to residential buildings and outbuildings on neighboring personal plots of land should be taken in accordance with Table 11 of the appendix to this Federal Law. It is allowed to reduce the fire distances between the specified types of buildings to 6 meters, provided that the walls of the buildings facing each other do not have window openings, are made of non-combustible materials or are subject to fire protection, and the roofing and eaves are made of non-combustible materials. 11. Minimum fire distances from residential, public and administrative buildings (functional fire hazard classes F1, F2, F3, F4) of fire resistance degrees I and II to industrial and warehouse buildings, structures and structures (functional fire hazard class F5) must be at least 9 meters (to buildings of functional fire hazard class F5 and structural fire hazard classes C2, C3 – 15 meters), III degree of fire resistance – 12 meters, IV and V degrees of fire resistance – 15 meters. The distances from residential, public and administrative buildings (functional fire hazard classes F1, F2, F3, F4) of IV and V degrees of fire resistance to industrial and warehouse buildings, structures and structures (functional fire hazard class F5) must be 18 meters. For these buildings of fire resistance class III, the distance between them must be at least 12 meters. 12. The placement of temporary buildings, stalls, kiosks, sheds and other similar structures must be carried out in accordance with the requirements established in Table 11 of the Appendix to this Federal Law. 13. Fire distances between solid end walls with a fire resistance limit of at least REI 150, buildings, structures and structures of I – III degrees of fire resistance, with the exception of buildings of preschool educational institutions, hospital-type hospitals (functional fire hazard classes F1.1, F4.1), and multi-level parking garages with passive movement of cars are not standardized. 14. Areas for storing containers must have fences and be located at a distance of at least 15 meters from buildings, structures and structures. 15. Fire distances from the boundaries of urban settlements to forests must be at least 50 meters, and from the boundaries of urban and rural settlements with one- and two-story individual buildings to forests – at least 15 meters. Article 70.
Fire distances from buildings, structures and structures of oil and petroleum products warehouses to the protection objects bordering them 1. Fire distances from buildings, structures and structures of categories A, B and C for explosion and fire hazard, located in the territories of oil and petroleum product warehouses, to the protection objects bordering them should be taken in accordance with Table 12 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 2. The distances indicated in table 12 of the appendix to this Federal Law in brackets should be taken for category II warehouses with a total capacity of more than 50,000 cubic meters. The distances specified in Table 12 of the appendix to this Federal Law are determined: 1) between buildings, structures and structures – as the clear distance between the outer walls or structures of buildings, structures and structures; 2) from unloading devices – from the axis of the railway track with unloading overpasses; 3) from sites (open and under canopies) for unloading devices of automobile tanks, for pumps, containers – from the boundaries of these sites; 4) from technological racks and pipelines – from the outermost pipeline; 5) from flare units – from the flare trunk. 3. Fire-fighting distances from buildings, structures and structures of oil and petroleum products warehouses to areas of open peat deposits may be reduced by half from the distance specified in Table 12 of the appendix to this Federal Law, provided that the open deposits of peat are backfilled with a layer of earth at least 0.5 meters thick within half the distance from the buildings, structures and structures of oil and petroleum products warehouses. 4. When locating warehouses for storing oil and petroleum products in forests, if their construction is associated with deforestation, the distance to the coniferous forest may be reduced by half, while a plowed strip of land at least 5 meters wide must be provided along the border of the forest around the warehouses. 5. When locating tank farms for oil and petroleum products on sites that have higher elevations compared to the elevations of the territories of neighboring settlements, organizations and railway tracks of the general network, located at a distance of up to 200 meters from the tank farm, as well as when locating oil and petroleum product warehouses near river banks at a distance of 200 meters or less from the water's edge (at the maximum level), additional measures should be taken to exclude the possibility of oil and petroleum product spills in the event of a tank accident on the territory of populated areas, organizations, on the railway tracks of the general network or in a body of water. The territories of oil and petroleum products warehouses must be fenced with a ventilated fence made of non-combustible materials with a height of at least 2 meters. 6.
Fire safety distances from residential buildings and public buildings to oil and petroleum product warehouses with a total capacity of up to 2000 cubic meters located in boiler houses, diesel power plants and other energy facilities serving residential and public buildings, structures and structures must be no less than the distances given in Table 13 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 7. Categories of oil and petroleum products warehouses are determined in accordance with Table 14 of the appendix to this Federal Law. Article 71. Fire-fighting distances from buildings, structures and structures of gas stations to the protection objects bordering them 1. When locating gas stations in the territories of populated areas, fire-fighting distances should be determined from the walls of tanks (vessels) for storing fuel and emergency tanks, ground equipment in which fuel and (or) its vapors circulate, from the breathing fittings of underground tanks for storing fuel and emergency tanks, housing fuel dispenser and dispensers of liquefied hydrocarbon gases or compressed natural gas, from the boundaries of sites for tank trucks and process wells, from the walls of technological equipment of treatment facilities, from the boundaries of parking areas for vehicles and from the external walls and structures of buildings, structures and structures of gas stations with equipment in which fuel or its vapors are present: 1) to the boundaries of land plots of children's preschool educational institutions, general educational institutions, boarding educational institutions, inpatient medical institutions, single-apartment residential buildings; 2) to windows or doors (for residential and public buildings). 2. Fire distances from motor fuel filling stations to neighboring facilities must comply with the requirements established in Table 15 of the appendix to this Federal Law. The total capacity of above-ground tanks at gas stations located in populated areas should not exceed 40 cubic meters. 3. When locating gas stations near a forest, the distance to a forest of coniferous and mixed species may be reduced by half, while along the boundaries of the forest and adjacent territories of gas stations, a ground covering made of materials that do not spread flame along its surface, or a plowed strip of land at least 5 meters wide, must be provided. 4. When locating gas stations near crop plantings where flames can spread, along the borders of gas stations adjacent to the plantings, a ground covering made of materials that do not spread flame over its surface, or a plowed strip of land at least 5 meters wide, must be provided. 5.
Fire safety distances from gas stations with underground tanks for storing liquid fuel to the boundaries of land plots of preschool educational institutions, general education institutions, boarding educational institutions, and inpatient medical institutions must be at least 50 meters. Article 72. Fire distances from garages and open parking lots of vehicles to adjacent protection facilities 1. Fire distances from collective above-ground and above-ground-underground garages, open organized parking lots in the territories of settlements and car service stations to residential buildings and public buildings, structures and structures, as well as to land plots of pre-school educational institutions, general educational institutions and inpatient medical institutions in the territories settlements must be no less than the distances given in Table 16 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 2. Fire distances should be determined from the windows of residential buildings and public buildings, structures and structures and from the boundaries of land plots of children's preschool educational institutions, general education institutions and inpatient medical institutions to the walls of the garage or the boundaries of an open parking lot. 3. Fire distances from sectional residential buildings to open areas located along longitudinal facades with a capacity of 101 – 300 cars must be at least 50 meters. 4. For garages of fire resistance degrees I and II, the distances specified in Table 16 of the appendix to this Federal Law may be reduced by 25 percent if there are no opening windows in the garages, as well as entrances oriented towards residential buildings and public buildings. Article 73. Fire distances from tanks of liquefied hydrocarbon gases to buildings, structures and structures 1. Fire distances from tanks of liquefied hydrocarbon gases located in an organization's warehouse with a total capacity of up to 10,000 cubic meters when stored under pressure or a capacity of up to 40,000 cubic meters when stored in an isothermal manner to other objects, as included within the organization, and located outside the organization’s territory, are given in table 17 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 2. Fire distances from a separate unloading rack to neighboring facilities, residential buildings and public buildings, structures and buildings are taken as distances from tanks of liquefied hydrocarbon gases and flammable liquids under pressure. 3.
Fire distances from tanks of liquefied hydrocarbon gases located in an organization's warehouse with a total capacity of 10,000 to 20,000 cubic meters when stored under pressure or a capacity of 40,000 to 60,000 cubic meters when stored isothermally in above-ground tanks or a capacity of 40,000 to 100,000 cubic meters meters when stored isothermally in underground tanks to other facilities located both on the territory of the organization and outside its territory are given in table 18 of the appendix to this Federal Law. Article 74. Fire distances from gas pipelines, oil pipelines, oil product pipelines, condensate pipelines to neighboring protection objects 1. Fire distances from the axis of underground and aboveground (in the embankment) main, infield and local distribution gas pipelines, oil pipelines, oil product pipelines and condensate pipelines to populated areas, individual industrial and agricultural organizations, buildings, structures and buildings, as well as from compressor stations, gas distribution stations, oil pumping stations to populated areas, industrial and agricultural organizations, buildings, structures and structures must meet the requirements for minimum distances established by federal laws on technical regulations for these facilities, depending on the level of operating pressure, diameter, degree of responsibility of the facilities, and for liquefied hydrocarbon gas pipelines also on the terrain, type and properties of the pumped liquefied hydrocarbon gases. 2. Fire distances from tank installations of liquefied hydrocarbon gases intended to provide hydrocarbon gas to consumers using gas as fuel, counting from the outermost tank to buildings, structures, structures and communications, are given in tables 19 and 20 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 3. When installing 2 tanks of liquefied hydrocarbon gases with a unit capacity of 50 cubic meters, fire safety distances to buildings, structures and structures (residential, public, industrial), not related to gas filling stations, can be reduced for above-ground tanks to 100 meters, for underground tanks – to 50 meters. 4. Fire distances from above-ground tanks to places where more than 800 people can be present at the same time (stadiums, markets, parks, residential buildings), as well as to the boundaries of land plots of children's pre-school educational institutions, educational institutions and inpatient medical institutions should be doubled compared to the distances specified in Table 20 of the appendix to this Federal Law, regardless of the number of places. Article 75. Fire distances on the territories of garden, dacha and personal plots of land 1.
The fire-prevention distance from utility and residential buildings on the territory of a garden, dacha and personal plot of land to the forest must be at least 15 meters. 2. Fire distances between a residential building and outbuildings, as well as between outbuildings within the same garden, dacha or personal plot of land are not standardized. 3. Fire distances from outbuildings located on one garden, dacha or household plot of land to residential buildings on adjacent plots of land, as well as between residential buildings on adjacent plots of land should be taken in accordance with Table 11 of the Appendix to this Federal Law. 4. It is allowed to group and block residential buildings or residential buildings on 2 adjacent garden plots for single-row development and on 4 adjacent garden plots for double-row development. At the same time, fire safety distances between residential buildings or residential buildings in each group are not standardized, and the minimum distances between the outermost residential buildings or residential buildings of groups of houses are given in Table 11 of the appendix to this Federal Law. Chapter 17. General fire safety requirements for settlements and urban districts for the placement of fire departments Article 76. Fire safety requirements for the placement of fire departments in settlements and urban districts 1. The deployment of fire departments in the territories of settlements and urban districts is determined based on the condition that the time of arrival of the first unit to the place of call in urban settlements and urban districts should not exceed 10 minutes, and in rural settlements – 20 minutes. 2. Fire protection units of populated areas must be located in fire station buildings. 3. The procedure and methodology for determining the locations of fire protection units in the territories of settlements and urban districts are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 77. Fire safety requirements for fire stations 1. Fire stations must be located on land plots that have access to main streets or roads of citywide importance. The area of land plots, depending on the type of fire station, is determined by the technical specifications for the design. 2. The distance from the boundaries of the fire station site to public and residential buildings must be at least 15 meters, and to the boundaries of land plots of children's preschool educational institutions, general education institutions and inpatient medical institutions – at least 30 meters. 3. The fire station must be located on an area indented from the red line to the exit front of fire trucks by at least 15 meters; for fire stations of types II, IV and V, this distance can be reduced to 10 meters. 4.
The composition of buildings, structures and structures located on the territory of the fire station, the area of buildings, structures and structures are determined by the technical specifications for the design. 5. The fire station area must have two entrances (exits). The width of the gate at the entrance (exit) must be at least 4.5 meters. 6. Roads and areas on the territory of the fire station must have a hard surface. 7. The roadway and sidewalk opposite the exit area of the fire station must be equipped with a traffic light and (or) a light sign with an acoustic signal that allows stopping the movement of vehicles and pedestrians while fire trucks are leaving the garage upon an alarm signal. Turning the traffic light on and off can also be done remotely from the fire department communications point. Section III Fire safety requirements for the design, construction and operation of buildings, structures and structures Chapter 18. General fire safety requirements for the design, construction and operation of buildings, structures and structures Article 78. Requirements for design documentation for construction projects 1. Design documentation for buildings, structures, structures, building structures, engineering equipment and building materials must contain fire-technical characteristics provided for by this Federal Law. 2. For buildings, structures, structures for which there are no regulatory fire safety requirements, special technical conditions must be developed based on the requirements of this Federal Law, reflecting the specifics of ensuring their fire safety and containing a set of necessary engineering, technical and organizational measures to ensure fire safety. Article 79. Standard value of fire risk for buildings, structures and structures 1. Individual fire risk in buildings, structures and structures should not exceed the value of one millionth per year when placing an individual at the point most distant from the exit from the building, structure and structure. 2. The risk of death as a result of exposure to hazardous fire factors must be determined taking into account the functioning of fire safety systems for buildings, structures and structures. Article 80. Fire safety requirements when designing, reconstructing and changing the functional purpose of buildings, structures and structures 1. Structural, space-planning and engineering solutions of buildings, structures and structures must ensure in the event of a fire: 1) evacuation of people to a safe area before harm is caused to their life and health due to exposure to dangerous fire factors; 2) the possibility of carrying out measures to save people; 3) the possibility of access for personnel of fire departments and delivery of fire extinguishing equipment to any premises of buildings, structures and structures; 4) the possibility of supplying fire extinguishing agents to the fire; 5) non-spread of fire to neighboring buildings, structures and structures. 2.
In buildings, structures and structures, premises of categories A and B in terms of explosion and fire hazards should be located near the outer walls, and in multi-storey buildings, structures and structures – on the upper floors, except for cases specified in the technical regulations for these objects. 3. When changing the functional purpose of buildings, structures, structures or individual premises in them, as well as when changing space-planning and design solutions, the fire safety requirements established in accordance with this Federal Law in relation to the new purpose of these buildings, structures, structures or premises must be ensured. Chapter 19. Requirements for the composition and functional characteristics of fire safety systems for buildings, structures and structures Article 81. Requirements for the functional characteristics of fire safety systems for buildings, structures and structures 1. The functional characteristics of fire safety systems for buildings, structures and structures must comply with the requirements established by this Federal Law. 2. The magnitude of individual fire risk in buildings, structures and structures with a large number of people, buildings, structures and structures with a high number of storeys, as well as in buildings, structures and structures with the occupancy of children and groups of people with limited mobility must be ensured, first of all, by a fire prevention system and a set of organizational and technical measures. 3. Fire protection systems for buildings, structures and structures must provide the ability to evacuate people to a safe area before the maximum permissible values of fire hazards occur. 4. The functional characteristics of fire safety systems for buildings, structures and structures, as well as engineering equipment of buildings, structures and structures are determined in accordance with federal laws on technical regulations for these facilities and (or) regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 82. Fire safety requirements for electrical installations of buildings, structures and structures 1. Electrical installations of buildings, structures and structures must comply with the class of the fire and explosion hazard zone in which they are installed, as well as the category and group of the combustible mixture. 2. Cables and wires of fire protection systems, means of supporting the activities of fire departments, fire detection systems, warning and management of evacuation of people in case of fire, emergency lighting on evacuation routes, emergency ventilation and smoke protection, automatic fire extinguishing, internal fire water supply, elevators for transporting fire departments in buildings, structures and structures must remain operational in fire conditions for the time necessary for the complete evacuation of people in safe zone. 3.
Cables from transformer substations of backup power supplies to input distribution devices must be laid in separate fire-resistant channels or have fire protection. 4. Power supply lines to premises of buildings, structures and structures must have protective shutdown devices that prevent a fire from occurring in the event of a malfunction of electrical receivers. The installation rules and parameters of residual current devices must take into account the fire safety requirements established in accordance with this Federal Law. 5. Distribution boards must have a design that prevents the spread of combustion beyond the board from the low-current compartment to the power compartment and vice versa. 6. The distribution of cables and wires from floor distribution panels to premises must be carried out in channels made of non-combustible building structures or molded fittings that meet fire safety requirements. 7. Horizontal and vertical channels for laying electrical cables and wires in buildings, structures and structures must be protected from the spread of fire. In places where cable channels, ducts, cables and wires pass through building structures with a rated fire resistance limit, cable penetrations with a fire resistance limit not lower than the fire resistance limit of these structures must be provided. 8. Cables laid openly must be flame retardant. 9. Emergency lighting fixtures on escape routes with autonomous power sources must be provided with devices to test their functionality when simulating a shutdown of the main power source. The operating life of the autonomous power source must provide emergency lighting on evacuation routes during the estimated time of evacuation of people to a safe area. 10. Electrical equipment without fire and explosion protection means is not allowed to be used in explosive, explosive and fire hazardous areas of buildings, structures and structures that do not have additional protective measures aimed at eliminating the danger of an ignition source in a flammable environment. 11. Fire-proof electrical equipment is not allowed to be used in explosive and fire-hazardous areas. 12. Explosion-proof electrical equipment may be used in fire-hazardous and non-fire-hazardous premises, and in explosive premises – provided that the category and group of the explosive mixture in the room corresponds to the type of explosion protection of the electrical equipment. 13. Rules for the use of electrical equipment depending on the degree of its explosion and fire hazard in buildings, structures and structures for various purposes, as well as fire hazard indicators of electrical equipment and methods for their determination are established by federal laws on technical regulations for these products and (or) regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 83. Requirements for automatic fire extinguishing systems and fire alarm systems 1.
Automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations must be installed in buildings, structures and structures in accordance with design documentation developed and approved in the prescribed manner. Automatic fire extinguishing installations must be provided with: 1) a calculated amount of fire extinguishing agent sufficient to extinguish the fire in the protected room, building, structure or structure; 2) a device for monitoring the performance of the installation; 3) a device for notifying people about a fire, as well as duty personnel and (or) fire departments about the location of its occurrence; 4) a device for delaying the supply of gas and powder fire extinguishing agents for the time necessary to evacuate people from the fire premises; 5) a device for manually starting a fire extinguishing installation. 2. The method of supplying the fire extinguishing agent to the fire should not lead to an increase in the area of the fire due to spillage, splashing or spraying of flammable materials and to the release of flammable and toxic gases. 3. The design documentation for the installation of automatic fire extinguishing installations must provide for measures to remove the fire extinguishing agent from the room, building, structure or structure after its supply. 4. Automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations must provide automatic fire detection, supply of control signals to technical means of warning people about a fire and managing the evacuation of people, control devices for fire extinguishing installations, technical means of controlling the smoke protection system, engineering and technological equipment. 5. Automatic fire alarm installations must ensure that the personnel on duty are informed about the detection of malfunctions in communication lines and technical means of warning people about a fire and managing the evacuation of people, managing fire protection systems, and control devices for fire extinguishing installations. 6. Fire detectors and triggers for automatic fire extinguishing installations and fire alarm systems must be located in the protected premises in such a way as to ensure timely detection of a fire anywhere in this premises. 7. Fire alarm systems must provide light and sound signals about the occurrence of a fire to the receiving and control device in the premises of the duty personnel or to special remote warning devices. 8. Fire alarm control devices, as a rule, should be installed in premises with 24-hour presence of on-duty personnel. It is allowed to install these devices in premises without personnel on round-the-clock duty, provided that separate transmission of fire and malfunction notifications is provided to the premises with personnel on round-the-clock duty, and control of notification transmission channels is ensured. 9. Manual fire call points must be installed on escape routes in places accessible for their activation in the event of a fire. 10.
Requirements for the design of automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms are established by this Federal Law and (or) regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 84. Fire safety requirements for systems for warning people about fire and managing the evacuation of people in buildings, structures and structures 1. Notifying people about a fire, managing the evacuation of people and ensuring their safe evacuation in case of fire in buildings, structures and structures must be carried out in one of the following ways or a combination of the following methods: 1) supplying light, sound and (or) speech signals to all premises with permanent or temporary occupancy of people; 2) broadcast of specially developed texts about the need for evacuation, evacuation routes, direction of movement and other actions to ensure the safety of people and prevent panic in the event of a fire; 3) placement and provision of lighting of fire safety signs on evacuation routes within the required time; 4) turning on evacuation (emergency) lighting; 5) remote opening of emergency exit door locks; 6) providing communication between the fire post (control room) and fire warning zones; 7) other methods to ensure evacuation. 2. Information transmitted by fire warning and evacuation management systems must correspond to the information contained in evacuation plans developed and placed on each floor of buildings, structures and structures. 3. Fire alarms installed at the facility must provide unambiguous information to people about the fire during the evacuation period, as well as the provision of additional information, the absence of which may lead to a decrease in the level of people’s safety. 4. At any point of the protected object where it is necessary to notify people about a fire, the volume level generated by sound and speech alarms must be higher than the permissible noise level. Voice alarms must be located in such a way that at any point of the protected object where it is required to notify people about a fire, the intelligibility of the transmitted speech information is ensured. Light sirens must provide contrasting perception of information in a range characteristic of the protected object. 5. When dividing a building, structure or structure into zones for warning people about a fire, a special sequence must be developed for notifying people in different rooms of the building, structure or structure about a fire. 6. The dimensions of warning zones, the special sequence of notifying people about a fire and the start time of notifying people about a fire in individual zones must be determined based on the conditions for ensuring the safe evacuation of people in case of fire. 7. Systems for warning people about a fire and managing the evacuation of people must function for the time necessary to complete the evacuation of people from a building, structure, structure. 8.
Technical means used to notify people about a fire and control the evacuation of people from a building, structure, or structure in case of fire must be developed taking into account the health and age of the people being evacuated. 9. Sound signals alerting people about a fire must differ in tone from sound signals for other purposes. 10. Sound and speech devices for warning people about a fire should not have detachable devices, the ability to adjust the volume level and must be connected to the electrical network, as well as to other means of communication. Communications of fire warning systems and people evacuation control systems may be combined with the radio broadcast network of the building, structure and structure. 11. Fire warning and evacuation control systems must be equipped with uninterruptible power supplies. Article 85. Requirements for smoke protection systems for buildings, structures and structures 1. Depending on the space-planning and design solutions, supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems for buildings, structures and structures must be carried out using natural or mechanical stimulation. Regardless of the method of stimulation, the supply and exhaust smoke ventilation system must have automatic and remote manual drive of actuators and smoke ventilation devices. Space-planning solutions for buildings, structures and structures must exclude the possibility of combustion products spreading outside the fire premises, fire compartment and (or) fire section. 2. Depending on the functional purpose and space-planning and design solutions of buildings, structures and structures, they must be provided with supply and exhaust smoke ventilation or exhaust smoke ventilation. 3. The use of supply ventilation to displace combustion products outside buildings, structures and structures without the installation of natural or mechanical exhaust smoke ventilation is not allowed. The installation of general systems for the protection of premises with different classes of functional fire hazard is not allowed. 4. Exhaust smoke ventilation must ensure the removal of combustion products during a fire directly from the fire area, corridors and halls along escape routes. 5. Supply ventilation of smoke protection systems of buildings, structures and structures must provide air supply and the creation of excess pressure in rooms adjacent to the fire room, in stairwells, in elevator halls and airlocks. 6. The design and characteristics of smoke protection elements of buildings, structures and structures, depending on the purposes of smoke protection, must ensure the proper operation of supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems for the time required to evacuate people to a safe area, or for the entire duration of the fire. 7.
The automatic drive of actuators and devices of supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems of buildings, structures and structures must be carried out when automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm systems are triggered. 8. Remote manual drive of actuators and devices of supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems of buildings, structures and structures must be carried out from starting elements located at emergency exits and in the premises of fire stations or in the premises of dispatch personnel. 9. When turning on the supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems of buildings, structures and structures in the event of a fire, it is necessary to turn off the general and process ventilation and air conditioning systems (with the exception of systems that ensure the technological safety of objects). 10. Simultaneous operation of automatic aerosol, powder or gas fire extinguishing systems and smoke ventilation systems in a fire room is not permitted. 11. Requirements for the composition, design, fire-technical characteristics, features of use and sequence of inclusion of elements of supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems of buildings, structures and structures, depending on their functional purpose and space-planning and design solutions, are established by this Federal Law. Article 86. Requirements for internal fire-fighting water supply 1. The internal fire-fighting water supply must provide the standard flow of water for extinguishing fires in buildings, structures and structures. 2. The internal fire-fighting water supply system is equipped with internal fire hydrants in a quantity that ensures the achievement of fire extinguishing goals. 3. Requirements for internal fire-fighting water supply are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 87. Requirements for fire resistance and fire hazard of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments 1. The degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments should be established depending on their number of storeys, the class of functional fire hazard, the area of the fire compartment and the fire hazard of the technological processes occurring in them. 2. The fire resistance limits of building structures must correspond to the accepted degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments. The correspondence of the degree of fire resistance of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments and the fire resistance limit of the building structures used in them is given in table 21 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 3. Fire resistance limits for filling openings (doors, gates, windows and hatches), as well as skylights, including skylights, and other translucent areas of roofing decks are not standardized, with the exception of filling openings in fire barriers. 4.
On smoke-free staircases of type H1, it is allowed to provide landings and flights with a fire resistance limit of R15, fire hazard class K0. 5. The structural fire hazard class of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments must be established depending on their number of storeys, the functional fire hazard class, the area of the fire compartment and the fire hazard of the technological processes occurring in them. 6. The fire hazard class of building structures must correspond to the accepted class of structural fire hazard of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments. The correspondence of the structural fire hazard class of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments to the fire hazard class of the building structures used in them is given in Table 22 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 7. The fire hazard of filling openings in the enclosing structures of buildings, structures, structures (doors, gates, windows and hatches) is not standardized, with the exception of openings in fire barriers. 8. For buildings, structures and structures of functional fire hazard class F1.1, external insulation systems of fire hazard class K0 must be used. 9. Fire resistance limits and fire hazard classes of building structures must be determined under standard test conditions using methods established by fire safety regulations. 10. Fire resistance limits and fire hazard classes of building structures similar in shape, materials, design to building structures that have passed fire tests can be determined by the calculation and analytical method established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 88. Requirements for limiting the spread of fire in buildings, structures, structures, fire compartments 1. Parts of buildings, structures, structures, fire compartments, as well as premises of different classes of functional fire hazard, must be separated from each other by enclosing structures with standardized fire resistance limits and classes of structural fire hazard or fire barriers. Requirements for such enclosing structures and types of fire barriers are established taking into account the functional fire hazard classes of the premises, the magnitude of the fire load, the degree of fire resistance and the class of structural fire hazard of the building, structure, structure, fire compartment. 2. Fire resistance limits and types of building structures that perform the functions of fire barriers, the corresponding types of filling of openings and airlocks are given in Table 23 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 3. Fire resistance limits for the corresponding types of filling of openings in fire barriers are given in Table 24 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 4. Requirements for elements of vestibule locks of various types are given in Table 25 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 5.
Fire walls must be erected to the full height of the building, structure, structure and ensure that the fire does not spread into the adjacent fire compartment, including in the event of a one-sided collapse of the building, structure, structure from the side of the fire source. 6. Places where fire walls, ceilings and partitions meet other enclosing structures of a building, structure, structure, or fire compartment must have a fire resistance limit not less than the fire resistance limit of the adjacent barriers. 7. The design of the places where fire walls connect with other walls of buildings, structures and structures must exclude the possibility of fire spreading around these barriers. 8. Windows in fire barriers must be non-opening, and fire doors and gates must have self-closing devices. Fire doors, gates, curtains, hatches and valves that can be operated in the open position must be equipped with devices that ensure their automatic closing in the event of a fire. 9. The total area of openings in fire barriers should not exceed 25 percent of their area. 10. In fire barriers separating rooms of categories A and B from rooms of other categories, corridors, staircases and elevator halls, airlocks with constant air pressure must be provided. The installation of common airlocks for two or more adjacent premises of categories A and B is not permitted. 11. If it is impossible to install airlocks in fire barriers separating rooms of categories A and B from other rooms, or fire doors, gates, curtains, hatches and valves in fire barriers separating rooms of category B from other rooms, a set of measures should be provided to prevent the spread of fire to adjacent floors and adjacent rooms. 12. In openings of fire barriers that cannot be closed by fire doors or gates, for communication between adjacent rooms of categories B or D and rooms of category D, open vestibules equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations must be provided, or fire curtains and screens must be installed instead of doors and gates. The enclosing structures of these vestibules must be fireproof. 13. Fire doors, gates, hatches and valves must ensure the standard value of the fire resistance limits of these structures. Fire curtains and screens must be made from materials of the flammability group NG. 14. It is not allowed to cross fire walls and ceilings of type 1 with channels, shafts and pipelines for transporting flammable gases, dust-air mixtures, liquids, and other substances and materials.
At the intersection of such fire barriers with channels, shafts and pipelines for transporting substances and materials other than the above, with the exception of channels of smoke protection systems, automatic devices should be provided to prevent the spread of combustion products through channels, shafts and pipelines. 15. The enclosing structures of elevator shafts located outside the staircase and elevator engine room rooms (except for those located on the roof), as well as channels and shafts for laying communications must meet the requirements for fire partitions of the 1st type and type 3 floors. The fire resistance limit of the enclosing structures between the elevator shaft and the elevator engine room is not standardized. 16. Doorways in the enclosures of elevator shafts with exits from them into corridors and other rooms, except staircases, must be protected by fire doors with a fire resistance limit of at least EI 30 or screens made of non-combustible materials with a fire resistance limit of at least EI 45, automatically closing the doorways of elevator shafts in the event of a fire, or elevator shafts in buildings, structures and structures must be separated from corridors, staircases and other rooms, vestibules or halls with fire partitions of the 1st type and ceilings of the 3rd type. 17. In buildings, structures and structures with a height of 28 meters or more, elevator shafts that do not have airlocks with excess air pressure at their exits must be equipped with a system for creating excess air pressure in the elevator shaft in case of fire. 18. In buildings, structures and structures equipped with automatic fire alarm or extinguishing systems, elevators must be interlocked and, regardless of the load and direction of movement of the cabin, automatically return in the event of a fire to the main landing area while ensuring that the cabin and shaft doors are opened and held in the open position. 19. Space-planning solutions and the design of stairs and staircases must ensure the safe evacuation of people from buildings, structures, structures in case of fire and prevent the spread of fire between floors. 20. In the basement and underground floors of buildings, structures and structures, the entrance to the elevator must be through type 1 airlocks with excess air pressure in case of fire. Article 89. Fire safety requirements for evacuation routes, evacuation and emergency exits 1. Evacuation routes in buildings, structures and structures and exits from buildings, structures and structures must ensure the safe evacuation of people. Calculation of evacuation routes and exits is made without taking into account the fire extinguishing agents used in them. 2.
The placement of premises with large numbers of people, including children and groups of people with limited mobility, and the use of fire-hazardous building materials in the structural elements of evacuation routes must be determined in accordance with the requirements of federal laws on relevant technical regulations. 3. Evacuation exits from buildings, structures and structures include exits that lead: 1) from the premises of the first floor to the outside: a) directly; b) through the corridor; c) through the vestibule (foyer); d) through the staircase; e) through the corridor and vestibule (foyer); f) through the corridor, recreational area and staircase; 2) from the premises of any floor, except the first: a) directly to the staircase or to the 3rd type staircase; b) to the corridor leading directly to the staircase or to the 3rd type staircase; c) to the hall (foyer), which has access directly to the staircase or to the 3rd type staircase; d) on an existing roof or on a specially equipped section of the roof leading to a type 3 staircase; 3) to an adjacent room (except for class F5 premises of categories A and B), located on the same floor and provided with exits specified in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this part. Exit from technical premises without permanent workplaces into premises of categories A and B is considered an evacuation if equipment for servicing these fire-hazardous premises is located in the technical premises. 4. Evacuation exits from basement and ground floors should be provided in such a way that they lead directly outside and are separate from the general staircases of the building, structure, structure, except for cases established by this Federal Law. 5. The following are also considered emergency exits: 1) exits from basements through common staircases into a vestibule with a separate exit to the outside, separated from the rest of the staircase by a blind fire partition of the 1st type, located between the flights of stairs from the basement floor to the intermediate landing of the flights of stairs between the first and second floors; 2) exits from the basement and ground floors with premises of categories B4, D and D to premises of categories B4, D and D and the lobby located on the first floor of buildings of class F5; 3) exits from the foyer, dressing rooms, smoking and sanitary rooms located in the basement or ground floors of buildings of classes F2, F3 and F4, to the first floor lobby via separate stairs of the 2nd type; 4) exits from the premises directly to the staircase of the 2nd type, to the corridor or hall (foyer, vestibule) leading to such a staircase, subject to the restrictions established by fire safety regulations; 5) swing doors in gates intended for entry (exit) of railway and road transport. 6. Emergency exits in buildings, structures and structures include exits that lead to:
1) on a balcony or loggia with a blank partition of at least 1.2 meters from the end of the balcony (loggia) to the window opening (glazed door) or at least 1.6 meters between the glazed openings facing the balcony (loggia); 2) to a passage with a width of at least 0.6 meters leading to an adjacent section of a building of class F1.3 or to an adjacent fire compartment; 3) to a balcony or loggia, equipped with an external staircase connecting the balconies or loggias floor by floor; 4) directly outside from premises with a clean floor level not lower than 4.5 meters and not higher than 5 meters through a window or door measuring at least 0.75×1.5 meters, as well as through a hatch measuring at least 0.6×0.8 meters. In this case, the exit through the pit must be equipped with a ladder in the pit, and the exit through the hatch must be equipped with a ladder in the room. The slope of these stairs is not standardized; 5) on the roof of buildings, structures and structures of I, II and III degrees of fire resistance classes C0 and C1 through a window or door measuring at least 0.75 x 1.5 meters, as well as through a hatch measuring at least 0.6 x 0.8 meters along a vertical or inclined ladder. 7. In the openings of emergency exits, it is prohibited to install sliding and up-and-down doors, revolving doors, turnstiles and other objects that impede the free passage of people. 8. The number and width of evacuation exits from premises, floors and buildings are determined depending on the maximum possible number of people evacuated through them and the maximum permissible distance from the most remote place where people may be staying (workplace) to the nearest emergency exit. 9. Parts of a building with different functional fire hazards are separated by fire barriers and must be provided with independent evacuation exits. 10. The number of emergency exits from the premises should be set depending on the maximum permissible distance from the most distant point (workplace) to the nearest emergency exit. 11. The number of emergency exits from a building, structure and structure must be no less than the number of emergency exits from any floor of the building, structure and structure. 12. The maximum permissible distance from the most remote point of the room (for buildings, structures and structures of class F5 – from the most remote workplace) to the nearest emergency exit, measured along the axis of the evacuation route, is established depending on the class of functional fire hazard and the category of the room, building, structure and structure in terms of explosion and fire hazard, the number of evacuees, the geometric parameters of the premises and evacuation routes, the class of structural fire hazard and the degree of fire resistance buildings, structures and structures. 13. The length of the escape route along a type 2 staircase in a room should be determined equal to its triple height. 14. Evacuation routes should not include elevators, escalators, or areas leading to:
1) through corridors with exits from elevator shafts, through elevator halls and vestibules in front of elevators, if the enclosing structures of elevator shafts, including elevator shaft doors, do not meet the requirements for fire barriers; 2) through staircases, if the staircase landing is part of a corridor, as well as through a room in which a type 2 staircase, which is not an evacuation staircase, is located; 3) on the roof of buildings, structures and structures, with the exception of the exploited roof or a specially equipped section of the roof, similar in design to the exploited roof; 4) on type 2 stairs connecting more than two floors (tiers), as well as leading from basements and ground floors; 5) along stairs and stairwells for communication between underground and above-ground floors, except for the cases specified in parts 3-5 of this article. Article 90. Ensuring the activities of fire departments 1. For buildings, structures and structures, the following must be provided: 1) fire driveways and access roads to buildings, structures and structures for fire fighting equipment, special or combined with functional driveways and entrances; 2) external fire escapes and other means of lifting personnel of fire departments and fire equipment to the floors and roofs of buildings, structures and structures; 3) fire-fighting water supply, including those combined with utility or special ones, dry pipes and fire-fighting tanks (reservoirs); 4) smoke protection systems for the routes followed by personnel of fire departments inside a building, structure and structure; 5) individual and collective means of saving people. 2. In buildings, structures and structures with a height of 10 meters or more from the mark of the fire truck passage surface to the roof eaves or the top of the outer wall (parapet), exits to the roof must be provided from staircases directly or through the attic or along type 3 stairs or external fire escapes. 3. The number of exits to the roof (but not less than one exit) and their location should be provided depending on the class of functional fire hazard and the size of the building, structure and structure: 1) for every full and incomplete 100 meters of the length of the building, structure and structure with an attic covering and at least one exit for every full and incomplete 1000 square meters of the roof area of a building, structure and structure with an attic covering for buildings of classes F1, F2, F3 and F4; 2) along fire escapes every 200 meters along the perimeter of buildings, structures and structures of class F5. 4. It is allowed not to provide: 1) fire escapes on the main facade of a building, structure and structure, if the width of the building, structure and structure does not exceed 150 meters, and there is a fire-fighting water supply on the side opposite the main facade; 2) access to the roof of one-story buildings, structures and structures with a covering area of no more than 100 square meters. 5.
In the attics of buildings, structures and structures, with the exception of buildings of class F1.4, exits to the roof should be provided, equipped with stationary stairs, through doors, hatches or windows measuring at least 0.6×0.8 meters. 6. Exits from staircases to the roof or attic should be provided along flights of stairs with landings in front of the exit through fire doors of the 2nd type measuring at least 0.75×1.5 meters. The indicated flights and platforms must be made of non-combustible materials and have a slope of no more than 2:1 and a width of at least 0.9 meters. 7. In buildings, structures and structures of classes F1, F2, F3 and F4 with a height of no more than 15 meters, it is allowed to construct exits to the attic or roof from stairwells through fire hatches of the 2nd type measuring 0.6×0.8 meters on fixed steel stepladders. 8. On technical floors, including in technical undergrounds and technical attics, the height of the passage must be at least 1.8 meters, in attics along the entire building, structure and structure – at least 1.6 meters. The width of these passages must be at least 1.2 meters. In certain areas with a length of no more than 2 meters, it is allowed to reduce the height of the passage to 1.2 meters, and the width to 0.9 meters. 9. In buildings, structures and structures with attics, hatches should be provided in the enclosing structures of the attics. 10. In places where there is a difference in roof height (including for lifting skylights onto the roof) of more than 1 meter, fire escapes should be provided. 11. It is allowed not to provide fire escapes if the difference in roof height is more than 10 meters, if each section of the roof with an area of more than 100 square meters has its own exit to the roof or the height of the lower section of the roof does not exceed 10 meters. 12. To climb to a height of 10 to 20 meters and in places where the roof height drops from 1 to 20 meters, fire escapes of type P1 should be used; for climbs to a height of more than 20 meters and in places where the roof height drops of more than 20 meters, fire escapes of type P2 should be used. 13. Fire escapes are made of non-flammable materials, located no closer than 1 meter from the windows and must have a design that allows the movement of fire department personnel in combat clothing and with additional equipment. 14. A gap of at least 75 millimeters wide should be provided between flights of stairs and between handrails of staircase railings. 15. In each fire compartment of buildings, structures and structures of class F1.1 with a height of more than 10 meters, buildings, structures and structures of class F1.3 with a height of more than 50 meters, buildings, structures and structures of other classes of functional fire hazard with a height of more than 28 meters, underground parking lots with more than two floors, elevators must be provided for transporting fire departments. 16.
In buildings, structures and structures with a roof slope of no more than 12 percent inclusive, with a height to the cornice or top of the outer wall (parapet) of more than 10 meters, as well as in buildings, structures and structures with a roof slope of more than 12 percent, with a height to the cornice of more than 7 meters, fencing should be provided on the roof in accordance with the fire safety requirements established by this Federal Law. Regardless of the height of the building, the specified fences should be provided for exploited flat roofs, balconies, loggias, external galleries, open external staircases, flights of stairs and landings. 17. On the roof of buildings, structures and structures with a floor elevation of the upper floor of more than 75 meters, platforms for the transport and rescue cabin of a fire helicopter measuring at least 5×5 meters must be provided. It is prohibited to place antennas, electrical wires, or cables above these areas. Article 91. Equipping premises, buildings, structures and structures equipped with warning systems and management of evacuation of people in case of fire, automatic fire alarm and (or) fire extinguishing installations 1. Premises, buildings, structures and structures in which a warning system and management of evacuation of people in case of fire are provided are equipped with automatic fire alarm and (or) fire extinguishing installations in accordance with the level of fire hazard of the premises, buildings, structures and buildings based on fire risk analysis. The list of objects that must be equipped with the specified installations is established by regulatory documents on fire safety. 2. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations must be equipped with uninterruptible power supplies. Section IV Fire safety requirements for production facilities Chapter 20. General fire safety requirements for production facilities Article 92. Requirements for documentation for production facilities 1. Documentation for production facilities, including buildings, structures, structures, and technological processes must contain fire-technical characteristics provided for by this Federal Law. 2. The composition and functional characteristics of fire safety systems at production facilities must be documented as a separate section of the design documentation. Article 93. Standard values of fire risk for production facilities 1. The value of individual fire risk in buildings, structures, structures and on the territories of production facilities should not exceed one millionth per year. 2. The risk of death as a result of exposure to hazardous fire factors must be determined taking into account the functioning of fire safety systems for buildings, structures and structures. 3.
For production facilities where ensuring an individual fire risk of one millionth per year is impossible due to the specifics of the functioning of technological processes, an increase in the individual fire risk to one ten-thousandth per year is allowed. At the same time, measures must be taken to train personnel to act in case of fire and to provide social protection for workers, compensating for their work in conditions of increased risk. 4. The amount of individual fire risk as a result of exposure to hazardous fire factors at a production facility for people located in the residential area near the facility should not exceed one hundred millionth per year. 5. The magnitude of the social fire risk of exposure to hazardous fire factors at a production facility for people located in the residential area near the facility should not exceed one ten-millionth per year. Chapter 21. Procedure for conducting fire hazard analysis of a production facility and calculating fire risk Article 94. Sequence of fire risk assessment at a production facility 1. Fire risk assessment at a production facility must include: 1) analysis of the fire hazard of the production facility; 2) determining the frequency of fire-hazardous emergency situations at the production facility; 3) construction of fields of fire hazards for various scenarios of its development; 4) assessment of the consequences of exposure to dangerous fire factors on people for various scenarios of its development; 5) calculation of fire risk. 2. Analysis of the fire hazard of production facilities must include: 1) analysis of the fire hazard of the technological environment and parameters of technological processes at the production facility; 2) determination of a list of fire-hazardous emergency situations and parameters for each technological process; 3) determination of a list of reasons, the occurrence of which allows us to characterize the situation as a fire hazard for each technological process; 4) constructing scenarios for the occurrence and development of fires that resulted in loss of life. Article 95. Analysis of the fire hazard of production facilities 1. Analysis of the fire hazard of technological processes involves comparing the fire hazard indicators of substances and materials circulating in the technological process with the parameters of the technological process. 2. The list of fire hazard indicators of substances and materials, depending on their state of aggregation, necessary and sufficient to characterize the fire hazard of the technological environment, is given in Table 1 of the appendix to this Federal Law. The list of potential sources of ignition of a fire hazardous technological environment is determined by comparing the parameters of the technological process and other ignition sources with the fire hazard indicators of substances and materials. 3.
The determination of fire hazardous situations at a production facility should be carried out on the basis of an analysis of the fire hazard of each of the technological processes and provide for the selection of situations, the implementation of which poses a danger to people in the area affected by dangerous fire factors and secondary consequences of exposure to dangerous fire factors. Fire hazardous situations do not include situations that do not pose a danger to human life and health. These situations are not taken into account when calculating fire risk. 4. For each fire hazardous situation at a production facility, a description of the causes of the occurrence and development of fire hazardous situations, the place of their occurrence and fire factors that pose a danger to the life and health of people in their places of stay must be provided. 5. To determine the causes of fire hazardous situations, events must be identified, the implementation of which can lead to the formation of a flammable environment and the appearance of an ignition source. 6. Analysis of the fire hazard of production facilities involves determining a set of preventive measures that change the parameters of the technological process to a level that ensures an acceptable fire risk. Article 96. Fire risk assessment at a production facility 1. To determine the frequency of fire situations at a production facility, information is used: 1) on the failure of equipment used at the production facility; 2) on the reliability parameters of the equipment used at the production facility; 3) about erroneous actions of production facility personnel; 4) about the hydrometeorological situation in the area where the production facility is located; 5) about the geographical features of the area in the area where the production facility is located. 2. The assessment of fire and explosion hazards for various scenarios of their development is carried out on the basis of a comparison of information on modeling the dynamics of fire hazards on the territory of the production facility and the adjacent territory and information on the critical values for the life and health of people of the hazards of the analyzed fire and explosion. 3. Assessment of the consequences of exposure to dangerous factors of fire and explosion on people for various scenarios for the development of fire hazardous situations involves determining the number of people caught in the zone affected by dangerous factors of fire and explosion. Chapter 22. Requirements for the placement of fire stations, roads, entrances (exits) and passages, water supply sources on the territory of a production facility Article 97. Placement of fire stations on the territory of a production facility 1. Fire stations on the territory of a production facility must be located on land plots adjacent to public roads. 2. Exits from fire stations must be located in such a way that departing fire trucks do not cross the main traffic flows. 3.
Requirements for the location of fire stations and service radii of fire stations are established by fire safety regulations. Article 98. Requirements for roads, entrances (exits) and passages on the territory of a production facility 1. Production facilities with sites larger than 5 hectares must have at least two entrances, with the exception of oil and petroleum product warehouses of categories I and II, which, regardless of the size of the site, must have at least two exits to highways of the general network or to the access roads of a warehouse or organization. 2. If the size of a side of the site of a production facility is more than 1000 meters and it is located along a street or highway, at least two entrances to the site should be provided on this side. The distance between entrances should not exceed 1500 meters. 3. Fenced areas inside the sites of production facilities (open transformer substations, warehouses and other areas) with an area of more than 5 hectares must have at least two entrances. 4. Access to buildings, structures and structures along their entire length must be provided for access by fire trucks on one side when the width of the building, structure or structure is no more than 18 meters and on both sides when the width is more than 18 meters, as well as when constructing closed and semi-enclosed courtyards. 5. For buildings with a built-up area of more than 10,000 square meters or a width of more than 100 meters, fire truck access must be provided from all sides. 6. If production conditions do not require the construction of roads, the access of fire trucks may be provided on a planned surface, reinforced along a width of 3.5 meters in places of passage in clay and sandy (silty) soils with various local materials with the creation of slopes that ensure natural drainage of surface water. 7. The distance from the edge of the roadway or a planned surface providing passage for fire trucks to the walls of buildings with a height of no more than 12 meters should be no more than 25 meters, with a building height of more than 12, but not more than 28 meters – no more than 8 meters, and with a building height of more than 28 meters – no more than 10 meters. 8. To reservoirs that are sources of fire-fighting water supply, as well as to cooling towers, spray ponds and other structures, water from which can be used to extinguish a fire, it is necessary to provide entrances with platforms for turning fire trucks, their installation and water intake. The size of such areas must be at least 12 x 12 meters. 9. Fire hydrants should be located along highways at a distance of no more than 2.5 meters from the edge of the roadway, but not less than 5 meters from the walls of the building. 10. Crossings or passages through intra-facility railway tracks must always be free for the passage of fire trucks. 11. The width of the vehicle entrance gates to the production facility site must ensure unimpeded passage of main and special fire vehicles. Article 99.
Requirements for sources of fire-fighting water supply for a production facility 1. Production facilities must be provided with an external fire-fighting water supply (fire-fighting water supply, natural or artificial reservoirs). The placement of fire hydrants on the water supply network must ensure fire extinguishing of any building, structure, structure or part of a building, structure, structure served by this network. 2. The supply of water for fire extinguishing purposes in artificial reservoirs should be determined based on the estimated water consumption for external fire extinguishing and the duration of fire extinguishing. Article 100. Requirements for limiting the spread of fire at a production facility 1. Distances between buildings, structures and structures, from warehouses, open technological installations, units and equipment to buildings, structures and structures, between warehouses, open technological installations, units and equipment, from gas tanks for flammable gases to buildings, structures and structures on the territory of the production facility, depending on the degree of fire resistance, category of buildings according to explosion and fire hazard and other characteristics must exclude the possibility of a fire moving from one building, structure or structure to another. 2. Tank farms of a production facility with petroleum products, liquefied flammable gases, toxic substances must be located at lower elevations in relation to buildings, structures and structures of the production facility and must be surrounded (taking into account the terrain) by a ventilated fence made of non-combustible materials. 3. In cases where above-ground tanks with flammable and combustible liquids are located at elevations higher in relation to neighboring buildings, structures and structures, measures must be taken to prevent the spread of spilled liquid to the specified buildings, structures and structures in case of accidents at the tanks. 4. Placing external networks with flammable liquids and gases under buildings, structures and structures of a production facility is not permitted. 5. Along the perimeter of the sites of production facilities for storing petroleum products in containers, a closed earth embankment or enclosing wall made of non-combustible materials must be provided. In addition, a closed earthen embankment or enclosing wall made of non-combustible materials must be provided around the perimeter of free-standing tanks of each group of above-ground tanks and designed to withstand the hydrostatic pressure of the spilled liquid. 6. Within one group of above-ground tanks, the following should be separated by internal earthen ramparts or enclosing walls: 1) each subsequent tank with a volume of 20,000 cubic meters or more or several smaller tanks with a total volume of 20,000 cubic meters; 2) tanks with oils and fuel oils from tanks with other petroleum products; 3) tanks for storing leaded gasoline from other tanks of the group. 7.
The areas of the embanked territory free from construction, formed between the internal slopes of the earth embankment or enclosing walls, should be determined by the calculated volume of the spilled liquid, equal to the nominal volume of the largest tank in the group or a separate tank. 8. The height of the earth embankment or enclosing wall of each group of tanks, the distance from the walls of the tanks to the bottom of the internal slopes of the embankment or to the enclosing walls are determined in accordance with the requirements of federal laws on relevant technical regulations and (or) fire safety regulations. 9. Earth embankment of underground tanks should be provided only when storing oil and fuel oil in these tanks. The areas formed between the internal slopes of the embankment should be determined based on the condition of containing the spilled liquid in an amount equal to 10 percent of the volume of the largest underground reservoir in the group. 10. On the territory of a production facility, the placement of above-ground networks of pipelines with flammable liquids and gases is prohibited for: 1) transit on-site pipelines with flammable liquids and gases – along overpasses, free-standing columns and supports made of flammable materials, as well as along the walls and roofs of buildings, with the exception of buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance; 2) pipelines with flammable liquids and gases – in galleries, if the mixing of these products can cause a fire or explosion; 3) pipelines with flammable liquids and gases – on combustible coatings and walls, on coatings and walls of buildings of categories A and B for explosion hazard and fire hazard; 4) gas pipelines of flammable gases – through the territory of warehouses of solid and liquid combustible materials. 11. Aboveground pipeline networks for flammable liquids, laid on separate supports and overpasses, should be placed at a distance of at least 3 meters from the walls of buildings with openings and at least 0.5 meters from the walls of buildings without openings. Section V Fire safety requirements for fire equipment Chapter 23. General requirements Article 101. Requirements for fire equipment 1. Fire equipment must ensure the performance of the functions assigned to it in fire conditions. 2. The design and materials used of fire equipment must ensure safety during transportation, storage, operation and disposal of fire equipment. 3. Marking of fire equipment must allow identification of the product. 4. Technical documentation for fire fighting equipment must contain information for training personnel in the rules for the effective use of fire fighting equipment. 5. Firefighting equipment must be tested to ensure that its parameters comply with fire safety requirements in accordance with the methods established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 102. Requirements for fire extinguishing agents 1.
Fire extinguishing agents must provide fire extinguishing by a surface or volumetric method of supply with the characteristics of the supply of fire extinguishing agents in accordance with fire extinguishing tactics. 2. Fire extinguishing agents must be used to extinguish fires of those materials, interaction with which does not lead to the risk of new fires or explosions. 3. Fire extinguishing agents must retain their properties necessary for extinguishing a fire during transportation and storage. 4. Fire extinguishing agents must not have a hazardous effect on humans and the environment that exceeds the accepted permissible values. Article 103. Requirements for automatic fire alarm installations 1. Technical means of automatic fire alarm installations must ensure electrical and information compatibility with each other, as well as with other technical means interacting with them. 2. Communication lines between technical means of automatic fire alarm installations must be made taking into account their functioning in case of fire during the time necessary to detect a fire, issue evacuation signals, during the time necessary to evacuate people, as well as the time necessary to control other technical means. 3. Control devices for fire equipment of automatic fire alarm installations must provide a control principle in accordance with the type of equipment being controlled and the requirements of a particular facility. 4. Technical means of automatic fire alarm installations must be provided with uninterrupted power supply while they perform their functions. 5. Technical means of automatic fire alarm installations must be resistant to the effects of electromagnetic interference with maximum permissible levels typical for the protected object, while these technical means should not have a negative impact by electromagnetic interference on other technical means used at the protected object. 6. Technical means of automatic fire alarm installations must ensure electrical safety. Article 104. Requirements for automatic fire extinguishing installations 1. Automatic fire extinguishing installations must ensure the elimination of fire by surface or volumetric method of supplying a fire extinguishing agent in order to create conditions that prevent the occurrence and development of the combustion process. 2. Fire extinguishing using a volumetric method must ensure the creation of an environment that does not support combustion throughout the entire volume of the protected room, building, structure and structure. 3. Extinguishing a fire using a surface method should ensure the elimination of the combustion process by supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the protected area. 4. The activation of automatic fire extinguishing systems should not lead to a fire and (or) explosion of flammable materials in buildings, structures, structures and open areas. Chapter 24.
Requirements for primary fire extinguishing means Article 105. Requirements for fire extinguishers 1. Portable and mobile fire extinguishers must ensure fire extinguishing by one person in the area specified in the technical documentation of the manufacturer. 2. The technical characteristics of portable and mobile fire extinguishers must ensure human safety when extinguishing a fire. 3. The strength characteristics of the structural elements of portable and mobile fire extinguishers must ensure the safety of their use when extinguishing a fire. Article 106. Requirements for fire hydrants 1. The design of fire hydrants must ensure the ability to open the shut-off device by one person and supply water at an intensity sufficient to extinguish the fire. 2. The design of the connecting heads of fire hydrants must allow the connection of fire hoses used in fire departments to them. Article 107. Requirements for fire cabinets 1. Fire cabinets and multifunctional integrated fire cabinets must ensure placement and storage of primary fire extinguishing equipment. The completeness of multifunctional integrated fire cabinets is accepted in accordance with Table 26 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 2. The design of fire cabinets and multifunctional integrated fire cabinets must allow the equipment contained in them to be used quickly and safely. 3. The overall dimensions and installation of fire cabinets and multifunctional integrated fire cabinets should not lead to obstruction of escape routes. 4. Fire cabinets and multi-functional integrated fire cabinets must be made of non-combustible materials. 5. The external design and information about the contents of fire cabinets and multifunctional integrated fire cabinets are determined by fire safety regulations adopted in accordance with Article 4 of this Federal Law. Chapter 25. Requirements for mobile fire extinguishing equipment Article 108. Requirements for fire trucks 1. Basic and special fire trucks must ensure the following functions: 1) delivery to the fire site of fire personnel, fire extinguishing agents, fire equipment, personal protective equipment for firefighters and self-rescue for firefighters, fire tools, and means of saving people; 2) supply of fire extinguishing agents to the fire; 3) carrying out emergency rescue operations related to fire extinguishing (hereinafter referred to as emergency rescue operations); 4) ensuring the safety of performing tasks assigned to the fire department. 2. Requirements for the design, technical characteristics and other parameters of fire trucks are established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 109. Requirements for fire-fighting aircraft, trains and ships Fire-fighting aircraft, trains and ships must be equipped with equipment that allows them to extinguish fires. Article 110.
Requirements for fire motor pumps 1. Fire motor pumps must take and supply water to the fire from the water supply network, containers and (or) from open water sources with the required flow rate and operating pressure necessary to extinguish the fire. 2. The design of portable fire motor pumps must allow them to be carried by two operators and installed on the ground. 3. Trailed fire motor pumps must be permanently mounted on vehicle trailers. The design of trailers must ensure the safety of transporting motor pumps to the fire site and their stable placement during water intake and supply. Chapter 26. Requirements for automatic fire extinguishing installations Article 111. Requirements for automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations must ensure: 1) timely detection of a fire and launch of an automatic fire extinguishing installation; 2) supply of water from sprinklers (sprinklers, deluges) of automatic water fire extinguishing installations with the required intensity of water supply; 3) supply of foam from foam generating devices of automatic foam fire extinguishing installations with the required frequency and intensity of foam supply. Article 112. Requirements for automatic gas fire extinguishing installations Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations must ensure: 1) timely detection of a fire by an automatic fire alarm installation, which is part of the automatic gas fire extinguishing installation; 2) the possibility of delaying the supply of a gas fire extinguishing agent for the time necessary to evacuate people from the protected premises; 3) creation of a fire extinguishing concentration of a gas extinguishing agent in the protected volume or above the surface of the burning material during the time required to extinguish the fire. Article 113. Requirements for automatic powder fire extinguishing installations Automatic powder fire extinguishing installations must ensure: 1) timely detection of a fire by an automatic fire alarm installation, which is part of the automatic powder fire extinguishing installation; 2) supply of powder from the sprayers of automatic powder fire extinguishing installations with the required intensity of powder supply. Article 114. Requirements for automatic aerosol fire extinguishing installations Automatic aerosol fire extinguishing installations must ensure: 1) timely detection of a fire by an automatic fire alarm installation, which is part of the automatic aerosol fire extinguishing installation; 2) the possibility of delaying the supply of fire extinguishing aerosol for the time necessary to evacuate people from the protected premises; 3) creation of a fire extinguishing concentration of fire extinguishing aerosol in the protected volume during the time required to extinguish the fire; 4) eliminating the possibility of exposure of people and flammable materials to high-temperature areas of the generator surface and jets of fire extinguishing aerosol. Article 115.
Requirements for automatic combined fire extinguishing installations Automatic combined fire extinguishing installations must comply with the requirements for the automatic fire extinguishing installations of which they consist. Article 116. Requirements for robotic fire extinguishing installations Robotic fire extinguishing installations must ensure: 1) detection and elimination or limitation of the spread of fire beyond the source without the direct presence of a person in the area of operation of the installation; 2) the possibility of remote control of the installation and transmission of information to the operator from the place of operation of the installation; 3) the ability of the installation to perform its functions under conditions of exposure to hazardous factors of fire or explosion, radiation, chemical or other influences hazardous to humans and the environment. Article 117. Requirements for automatic fire containment installations 1. Automatic fire containment installations must ensure a reduction in the rate of increase in the area of the fire and the formation of its dangerous factors. 2. Automatic fire suppression installations must be used in premises where the use of other automatic fire extinguishing installations is impractical or technically impossible. 3. The type of fire extinguishing agents used in automatic fire containment installations is determined by the characteristics of the object of protection, the type and location of the fire load. Chapter 27. Requirements for personal protective equipment for firefighters and citizens in case of fire Article 118. Requirements for personal protective equipment for firefighters 1. Personal protective equipment for firefighters must protect the personnel of fire departments from exposure to dangerous fire factors, adverse climatic influences and injuries when extinguishing a fire and carrying out emergency rescue operations. 2. Personal protective equipment for firefighters must be ergonomically combined with each other and have light-signal elements that allow visual observation and search for firefighters in low visibility conditions. Article 119. Requirements for personal protective equipment for the respiratory and visual organs of firefighters 1. Personal protective equipment for the respiratory and visual organs of firefighters must provide protection for the firefighter when working in an environment that is unsuitable for breathing and irritates the mucous membrane of the eyes. 2. Personal protective equipment for the respiratory and visual organs of firefighters must be characterized by resistance to mechanical and adverse climatic influences, ergonomic and protective indicators, the values of which are established in accordance with the tactics of emergency rescue operations, rescuing people and the need to ensure safe working conditions for firefighters. 3. Breathing apparatus with compressed air must ensure the maintenance of excess pressure in the under-mask space while a person is breathing. 4.
The protective action time of breathing apparatus with compressed air (with pulmonary ventilation of 30 liters per minute) must be at least 1 hour, oxygen-isolating apparatus – at least 4 hours. 5. The design of personal respiratory protection equipment for firefighters should provide for quick replacement (without the use of special tools) of cylinders with a respiratory mixture and regenerative cartridges. 6. The use, maintenance and repair of personal protective equipment for the respiratory and visual organs of firefighters is carried out in accordance with the need to ensure safe working conditions for firefighters. 7. It is prohibited to use filtering personal respiratory protection equipment to protect firefighters. 8. It is prohibited to use oxygen breathing apparatus in combination with special protective clothing against thermal influences, with the exception of fire fighting clothing, and special insulating protective clothing. Article 120. Requirements for special protective clothing for firefighters 1. Special protective clothing (general purpose, for protection against thermal influences and insulating type) must provide protection for firefighters from the dangerous effects of fire factors. In this case, the degree of protection should be characterized by indicators, the values of which are established in accordance with the need to ensure safe working conditions for firefighters. 2. The materials used and the design of special protective clothing must prevent the penetration of fire extinguishing agents into the internal space of the clothing and provide the possibility of emergency removal of clothing, monitoring the pressure in the cylinders of the breathing apparatus, receiving and transmitting information (sound, visual or using special devices). 3. The design and materials used of special insulating-type protective clothing must ensure that excess air pressure in the sub-suit space is maintained at a level that ensures safe working conditions for a firefighter working in special insulating-type protective clothing. 4. Special insulating protective clothing used when extinguishing fires at hazardous production facilities must provide protection against contact of aggressive and (or) radioactive substances with the skin and internal organs of a person. Special insulating protective clothing used when extinguishing fires and carrying out emergency rescue operations at radiation hazardous facilities must, in addition, provide protection for vital human organs from ionizing radiation. In this case, the attenuation coefficient for external irradiation by beta radiation with an energy of no more than 2 megaelectronvolts (source Sr90) must be at least 150, the attenuation coefficient for external irradiation with gamma radiation with an energy of 122 kiloelectronvolts (source Co57) must be at least 5.5. 5. The weight of special insulating protective clothing must ensure safe working conditions for firefighters. Article 121.
Requirements for protective equipment for hands, feet and head 1. Hand protective equipment must provide protection for a person’s hands from thermal, mechanical and chemical influences when extinguishing a fire and carrying out emergency rescue operations. 2. Head protection (including helmets, helmets, balaclavas) and leg protection must provide protection to a person from water, mechanical, thermal and chemical influences when extinguishing a fire and carrying out emergency rescue operations, as well as from adverse climatic influences. Article 122. Requirements for self-rescue means for firefighters Self-rescue means for firefighters (fire rope, fire belt and fire carabiner) must withstand a static load of at least 10 kilonewtons, provide the ability to insure firefighters when working at height and allow firefighters to independently descend from a height. Article 123. Requirements for means of personal protection and rescue of citizens in case of fire 1. Means of personal protection and rescue of citizens in case of fire must ensure the safety of evacuation or self-rescue of people. At the same time, the degree of ensuring the fulfillment of these functions should be characterized by indicators of resistance to mechanical and adverse climatic influences, ergonomic and protective indicators, which are established based on the conditions that ensure the protection of people from toxic combustion products, including carbon monoxide, during evacuation from smoke-filled premises during a fire and rescuing people from high-altitude levels from buildings, structures and structures. 2. The design of personal protective equipment and rescue of citizens in case of fire must be reliable and easy to use and allow their use by anyone without prior training. 3. The scope, functional purpose and technical characteristics of personal protective equipment and rescue of citizens in case of fire (before the adoption of the relevant technical regulations) are determined by regulatory documents on fire safety. Chapter 28. Requirements for fire-fighting tools and additional equipment for firefighters Article 124. Requirements for fire-fighting tools 1. Depending on its functional purpose, a fire-fighting tool must ensure the following: 1) work on cutting, lifting, moving and fixing various building structures; 2) work on punching holes and openings, crushing building structures and materials; 3) work on plugging holes in pipes of various diameters, sealing holes in tanks and pipelines. 2. Hand-held power tools must be equipped with safety devices that prevent parts of the human body or clothing from accidentally falling into the moving mechanisms. Controls of mechanized fire-fighting equipment must be equipped with signs that prevent ambiguous interpretation of the information posted on them. 3. The design of mechanized and non-mechanized firefighting tools must provide the ability to quickly replace working elements. 4.
The design of the fire-fighting tool's docking units must ensure quick and reliable connection manually without the use of keys or other plumbing tools. 5. The design of the firefighting tool must ensure the electrical safety of the operator during rescue operations. Article 125. Requirements for additional equipment of firefighters Additional equipment of firefighters (including fire lights, thermal imagers, radio beacons and sound beacons), depending on its purpose, must provide illumination of the fire site, search for fires and people in a smoky atmosphere, designation of the location of firefighters and performance of other types of work when extinguishing a fire. At the same time, the degree of ensuring the implementation of these functions should be characterized by the indicators necessary to perform emergency rescue operations. Chapter 29. Requirements for fire equipment Article 126. General requirements for fire equipment Fire equipment (fire hydrants, hydrant columns, columns, pressure and suction hoses, trunks, hydraulic elevators and suction nets, hose branches, connecting heads, manual fire escapes) must provide the ability to supply fire extinguishing agents to the fire site with the required flow rate and working pressure required to extinguish a fire in accordance with fire extinguishing tactics, as well as the penetration of personnel of fire departments into the premises of buildings, structures and structures. Article 127. General requirements for fire hydrants and standpipes 1. Fire hydrants must be installed on external water supply networks and provide water supply for fire extinguishing purposes. 2. Fire pumps must provide the ability to open (close) underground hydrants and connect fire hoses to draw water from water supply networks and supply it for fire extinguishing purposes. 3. Mechanical forces on the controls of the shut-off devices of the fire column at operating pressure should not exceed 150 newtons. Article 128. Requirements for fire hoses and connecting heads 1. Fire hoses (suction, pressure-suction and pressure) must provide the ability to transport fire extinguishing agents to the fire site. 2. Connecting heads must provide a quick, tight and durable connection of fire hoses with each other and with other fire equipment. 3. The strength and performance characteristics of fire hoses and connecting heads must correspond to the technical parameters of the hydraulic equipment used by fire departments. Article 129. Requirements for fire nozzles, foam generators and foam mixers 1. The design of fire nozzles (manual and monitor) must ensure: 1) the formation of a continuous or sprayed stream of fire extinguishing agents (including low expansion air-mechanical foam) at the exit from the nozzle; 2) uniform distribution of fire extinguishing agents along the cone of the spray jet;
3) stepless change in the type of jet from continuous to sprayed; 4) changing the consumption of fire extinguishing agents (for universal type barrels) without stopping their supply; 5) strength of the barrel, tightness of connections and shut-off devices at operating pressure; 6) fixing the position of monitors at given angles in the vertical plane; 7) the possibility of manual and remote control of the mechanisms for turning monitors in horizontal and vertical planes from a hydraulic or electric drive. 2. The design of foam generators must ensure: 1) the formation of a flow of air-mechanical foam of medium and high expansion; 2) strength of the barrel, tightness of connections and shut-off devices at operating pressure. 3. Foam mixers (with unregulated and adjustable dosing) must provide an aqueous solution of a foaming agent with a given concentration to obtain foam of a certain expansion rate in air-foam barrels and foam generators. Article 130. Requirements for fire hose water collectors and fire hose branches 1. Fire hose water collectors must ensure the combination of two or more water flows before entering the suction pipe of the fire pump. Fire hose water collectors must be equipped with check valves on each of the connecting pipes. 2. Fire hose branches must ensure distribution of the main flow of water or foaming agent solutions along the working hose lines and regulation of the flow of fire extinguishing agents in these lines. Mechanical forces on the control elements of fire hose branch shut-off devices at operating pressure should not exceed 150 Newtons. Article 131. Requirements for fire hydraulic elevators and fire suction nets 1. Fire hydraulic elevators must ensure the intake of water from open reservoirs with differences in water surface levels and the location of the fire pump, exceeding the maximum suction height, as well as the removal from the premises of water spilled when extinguishing a fire. 2. Fire suction nets must ensure filtration of water taken from open reservoirs and prevent the ingress of solid particles that can lead to disruption of the pumps. Fire suction screens must be equipped with check valves. Article 132. Requirements for manual fire escapes 1. Manual fire escapes must provide fire department personnel with the opportunity to enter the premises and onto the roofs of buildings, structures and structures, supply fire extinguishing agents and substances to the specified premises, as well as rescue people from these premises, bypassing evacuation routes. 2. The overall dimensions and design of manual fire escapes must ensure the possibility of their transportation on fire trucks. 3. The mechanical strength, dimensions and ergonomic and protective characteristics of manual fire escapes must ensure the ability to perform tasks to rescue people from high-altitude levels and lift the necessary fire-fighting equipment.
Section VI Fire safety requirements for general-purpose products Chapter 30. Fire safety requirements for substances and materials Article 133. Fire safety requirements for information on the fire hazard of substances and materials 1. The manufacturer (supplier) must develop technical documentation for substances and materials containing information on the safe use of these products. 2. Technical documentation for substances and materials (including passports, technical conditions, technological regulations) must contain information on the fire hazard indicators of substances and materials. 3. Mandatory indicators for inclusion in the technical documentation are: 1) for gases: a) flammability group; b) auto-ignition temperature; c) concentration limits of flame propagation; d) maximum explosion pressure; e) rate of increase in explosion pressure; 2) for liquids: a) flammability group; b) flash point; c) ignition temperature; d) auto-ignition temperature; e) temperature limits of flame propagation; 3) for solid substances and materials (except for building materials): a) flammability group; b) ignition temperature; c) auto-ignition temperature; d) smoke generation coefficient; e) indicator of toxicity of combustion products; 4) for solid dispersed substances: a) flammability group; b) auto-ignition temperature; c) maximum explosion pressure; d) rate of increase in explosion pressure; e) explosion hazard index. 4. The need to include additional information on fire hazard indicators is determined by the developer of technical documentation for substances and materials. Article 134. Fire safety requirements for the use of building materials in buildings, structures and structures 1. Building materials are used in buildings, structures and structures depending on their functional purpose and fire hazard. 2. Fire safety requirements for the use of building materials in buildings, structures and structures are established in relation to the fire hazard indicators of these materials given in Table 27 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 3. Technical documentation for building materials must contain information about the fire hazard indicators of these materials, given in Table 27 of the appendix to this Federal Law, as well as about fire safety measures when handling them. 4. In premises of class F5 buildings of categories A, B and B1, in which flammable liquids are produced, used or stored, floors should be made of non-combustible materials or materials of flammability group G1. 5. Frames of suspended ceilings in rooms and on escape routes should be made only from non-combustible materials. 6.
The scope of application of decorative and finishing materials, facing materials and floor coverings on evacuation routes in buildings of various functional purposes, number of floors and capacity is given in tables 28 and 29 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 7. In sleeping and ward rooms, as well as in buildings of children's preschool educational institutions of subclass F1.1, it is not allowed to use decorative and finishing materials and floor coverings with a higher fire hazard than class KM2. 8. The finishing of the walls and ceilings of the halls for music and physical education classes in children's preschool educational institutions must be made of material of class KM0. 9. In rooms for physiotherapeutic procedures, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM2, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM3. 10. In diagnostic rooms, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM3, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM3. 11. In operating rooms and intensive care rooms, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM2, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM3. 12. In residential premises of buildings of subclass F1.2, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM4, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM4. 13. In dressing rooms of buildings of subclass F2.1, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM1, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM2. 14. In reading rooms, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM2, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM3. 15. In the premises of book depositories and archives, as well as in premises containing service catalogs and inventories, the finishing of walls and ceilings should be made of materials of class KM0. 16. In the showrooms of buildings of subclass F2.2, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM2, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM3. 17.
In dance halls, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM2, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM2. 18. In the trading floors of buildings of subclass F3.1, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM2, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM3. 19. In the waiting rooms of buildings of subclass F3.3, the finishing of walls, ceilings, filling of suspended ceilings and floor coverings must be made from materials of class KM0. 20. In treatment rooms and rooms for diagnostics of buildings of subclass F3.4, it is not allowed to use materials for finishing walls, ceilings and filling suspended ceilings with a higher fire hazard than class KM2, and materials for flooring with a higher fire hazard than class KM3. Article 135. Fire safety requirements for the use of textile and leather materials, information about their fire hazard 1. Textile and leather materials are used depending on the functional purpose and fire hazard of the building, structure, structure or functional purpose of the products for the manufacture of which these materials are used. 2. Fire safety requirements for the use of textile and leather materials are established in relation to the fire hazard indicators of these materials given in Table 30 of the appendix to this Federal Law. 3. Methods for determining the classification characteristics of the resistance of special protective clothing materials to open flames are established by fire safety regulations. 4. Accompanying documents for textile and leather materials must indicate information about their fire hazard and use in buildings, structures and structures or products for various functional purposes. Article 136. Requirements for information on fire safety of fire protection means 1. Technical documentation for fire protection means must contain information on technical indicators characterizing the scope of their application, fire hazard, method of surface preparation, types and grades of soil, method of application to the protected surface, drying conditions, fire retardant effectiveness of these means, method of protection from adverse climatic influences, conditions and service life of fire retardant coatings, as well as safety measures during fire protection works. 2. Fire protection products may be used from materials with additional coatings that provide a decorative appearance to the fire retardant layer or its resistance to adverse climatic influences. In this case, the fire retardant effectiveness must be specified taking into account this layer. Chapter 31.
Fire safety requirements for building structures and engineering equipment of buildings, structures and structures Article 137. Fire safety requirements for building structures 1. The design of the building elements of buildings, structures, structures should not cause the latent spread of fire throughout the building, structure, structure. 2. The fire resistance limit of fastening points and joints of building structures with each other must be no less than the minimum required fire resistance limit of the joined building elements. 3. Structural elements that form the floor slope in the premises of buildings, structures, structures of functional hazard class F2 must meet the requirements for the interfloor floors of these buildings. 4. The intersections of enclosing building structures with cables, pipelines and other technological equipment must have a fire resistance limit not lower than the required limits established for these structures. 5. Fire partitions in rooms with suspended ceilings must separate the space above them. 6. In the space above suspended ceilings, it is not allowed to provide for the placement of channels and pipelines for transporting flammable gases, dust-air mixtures, liquid and solid materials. 7. Suspended ceilings are not allowed in rooms of categories A and B for fire and explosion hazards. Article 138. Fire safety requirements for the structures and equipment of ventilation systems, air conditioning systems and smoke protection 1. The structures of air ducts and channels of supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems and transit channels (including air ducts, collectors, shafts) of ventilation systems for various purposes must be fire-resistant and made of non-combustible materials. The intersections of building envelopes with fire-resistant ducts of ventilation systems and support (suspension) structures must have a fire resistance limit not lower than the limits required for such ducts. To seal detachable connections (including flanges) of fire-resistant air duct structures, only non-combustible materials are allowed. 2. Fire protection normally open valves must be equipped with automatically and remotely controlled drives. The use of temperature-sensitive elements as part of such drives should be provided only as backup ones. For fire safety normally closed valves and smoke valves, the use of actuators with temperature-sensitive elements is not permitted. The tightness of the junction of structures of fire and smoke dampers of various types to each other should provide the minimum required resistance to smoke and gas permeation. 3.
Smoke exhaust ventilation hatches with natural draft impulse should be used with automatically and remotely controlled drives (with the possibility of duplication by thermoelements), providing the traction forces necessary to overcome mechanical (including snow and wind) loads. 4. Exhaust fans of smoke protection systems of buildings, structures and structures must remain operational during the spread of high-temperature combustion products for the time necessary for the evacuation of people (while protecting people on evacuation routes), or during the entire time of development and extinguishing of the fire (when protecting people in fire-safe areas). 5. Fire-resistant smoke-gas-tight doors must be equipped with sealing units in the places where they adjoin each other, providing, at the required fire resistance limits, the minimum required values of resistance to smoke and gas penetration. 6. Anti-smoke screens (blinds, drapes) must be equipped with automatic and remotely controlled drives (without thermoelements) and made of non-combustible materials with a working length of release no less than the thickness of the smoke layer formed during a fire in the room. 7. The actual values of the parameters of ventilation, air conditioning and smoke protection systems (including fire resistance limits and resistance to smoke and gas penetration) must be established based on test results in accordance with the methods established by regulatory documents on fire safety. Article 139. Fire safety requirements for the structures and equipment of waste disposal systems 1. The trunks of waste disposal systems must be made of non-combustible materials and provide the required limits of fire resistance and resistance to smoke and gas permeation. The use of materials capable of explosive destruction in a fire is not allowed in the construction of waste disposal shafts. 2. Loading valves of waste disposal shafts must be made of non-combustible materials and provide the minimum required values of resistance to smoke and gas permeation. To seal the loading valves, it is allowed to use materials of a flammability group not lower than G2. 3. Gates of waste disposal shafts installed in waste collection chambers must be equipped with self-closing drives in case of fire. The required fire resistance limits of gates must be no less than the limits established for waste disposal shafts. Article 140. Fire safety requirements for elevators 1. Passenger elevators with automatic doors and with a movement speed of 1 or more meters per second must have an operating mode indicating a fire hazard, activated by a signal received from the automatic fire alarm systems of the building, and ensuring, regardless of the load and direction of movement of the cabin, its return to the main landing area, opening and holding open the doors of the cabin and the shaft. 2.
When exiting elevators into a corridor, elevator hall or vestibule that does not meet the requirements for type 1 vestibule locks, elevator shaft doors must have a fire resistance rating of no less than EI30. When exiting elevators into a corridor, elevator hall or vestibule that meets the requirements for type 1 airlocks, and when exiting elevators into a stairwell, the fire resistance limit of elevator shaft doors is not standardized. The conditions for placing elevator shafts in staircase volumes are determined by fire safety regulations. 3. Requirements for the equipment, design, fire resistance of elevators, the materials from which they are made, for control systems, alarms, communications and power supply are established by this Federal Law and federal laws on technical regulations for such facilities. Chapter 32. Fire safety requirements for electrical products Article 141. Requirements for information about the fire hazard of electrical products 1. The manufacturer of electrical products is obliged to develop technical documentation containing the necessary information for the safe use of these products. 2. Technical documentation for electrical products (including passports and technical specifications) must contain information about its fire hazard. 3. Fire hazard indicators of electrical products must correspond to the field of application of electrical products. Article 142. Fire safety requirements for electrical products 1. Electrical products must not be a source of ignition and must prevent the spread of combustion beyond its boundaries. 2. Fire safety requirements for electrical products are established based on their design features and scope of application. Electrical products must be used in accordance with technical documentation defining its safe operation. 3. Structural elements used in electrical products must be resistant to flame, hot elements, electric arc, heat in contact connections and conductive bridges. 4. Electrical products must be resistant to the occurrence and spread of fire during emergency operating conditions (short circuit, overload). 5. The degree of protection of the shell of electrical products from the spread of fire beyond the shell should be determined by the area of application of the product. 6. Protection devices must disconnect a section of the electrical circuit from the source of electrical energy when emergency operating conditions occur before a fire occurs. Article 143. Fire safety requirements for electrical equipment 1. Electrical equipment must be resistant to the occurrence and spread of fire. 2. The probability of a fire occurring in electrical equipment should not exceed one in a million per year. 3.
The probability of a fire is not determined if there is confirmation of compliance of electrical products with fire safety requirements for resistance to flame, incandescent elements, electric arcs, heating in contact connections and conductive bridges, taking into account the scope of application of electrical products included in electrical equipment. 4. Electrical equipment of fire protection systems must remain operational in fire conditions for the time necessary to completely evacuate people to a safe place. Section VII Assessing the compliance of protected objects (products) with fire safety requirements Chapter 33. Assessing the compliance of protected objects (products) with fire safety requirements Article 144. Forms for assessing the compliance of protected objects (products) with fire safety requirements 1. Assessing the conformity of protected objects (products), organizations that carry out confirmation of the compliance of the design, production, construction, installation, adjustment, operation, storage, transportation, sale and disposal processes with fire safety requirements established by federal laws on technical regulations, regulatory documents on fire safety, and the terms of contracts are carried out in the forms: 1) accreditation; 2) independent fire risk assessment (fire safety audit); 3) state fire supervision; 4) declaration of fire safety; 5) research (tests); 6) confirmation of conformity of protected objects (products); 7) acceptance and commissioning of protection objects (products), as well as fire safety systems; 8) production control; 9) examination. 2. The procedure for assessing the compliance of protected objects (products) with established fire safety requirements through an independent fire risk assessment is established by regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. Article 145. Confirmation of compliance of protected objects (products) with fire safety requirements 1. Confirmation of compliance of protected objects (products) with fire safety requirements on the territory of the Russian Federation is carried out in a voluntary or mandatory manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 2. Voluntary confirmation of compliance of protected objects (products) with fire safety requirements is carried out in the form of voluntary certification. 3. Mandatory confirmation of compliance of protected objects (products) with the requirements of this Federal Law is carried out in the form of a declaration of conformity or in the form of mandatory certification. 4. Protection objects (products) of general purpose and fire equipment are subject to mandatory confirmation of compliance with fire safety requirements, the fire safety requirements for which are established by this Federal Law and (or) federal laws on technical regulations containing requirements for certain types of products. 5.
Declaration of conformity of products with the requirements of this Federal Law can be carried out by a legal entity or an individual registered as an individual entrepreneur on the territory of the Russian Federation in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, who are manufacturers (sellers) of products, or by a legal entity or an individual registered as an individual entrepreneur on the territory of the Russian Federation in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, performing under the contract the functions of a foreign manufacturer (seller) in terms of ensuring compliance of supplied products with the requirements of this Federal Law Federal Law, as well as those liable for violation of these requirements. 6. Confirmation of compliance of protected objects (products) with fire safety requirements in the form of a declaration with the involvement of a third party is carried out only in organizations accredited to carry out such work. 7. Products whose compliance with fire safety requirements has been confirmed in accordance with the procedure established by this Federal Law are marked with a market circulation mark. If the products are subject to the requirements of various technical regulations, then the mark of circulation on the market is affixed only after confirmation of the compliance of these products with the requirements of the relevant technical regulations. 8. The mark of circulation on the market is used by manufacturers (sellers) on the basis of a certificate of conformity or declaration of conformity. The mark of circulation on the market is affixed to the product and (or) on its packaging (container), as well as in the accompanying technical documentation received by the consumer upon sale. Article 146. Schemes for confirming product compliance with fire safety requirements 1. Confirmation of product compliance with fire safety requirements is carried out according to schemes for mandatory confirmation of compliance with fire safety requirements (hereinafter referred to as schemes), each of which represents a complete set of operations and conditions for their implementation. Schemes may include one or more operations, the results of which are necessary to confirm that the product meets specified requirements. 2. Confirmation of product compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law is carried out according to the following schemes: 1) for serially produced products: a) declaration of conformity of the applicant based on its own evidence (scheme 1d); b) declaration of conformity of the manufacturer (seller) based on its own evidence and testing of a standard product sample in an accredited testing laboratory (Scheme 2d); c) declaration of conformity of the manufacturer (seller) based on its own evidence, testing of a standard product sample in an accredited testing laboratory and certification of the quality system in relation to the production of products (diagram 3d);
d) certification of products based on an analysis of the state of production and testing of a standard product sample in an accredited testing laboratory (Scheme 2c); e) certification of products based on testing of a standard product sample in an accredited testing laboratory with subsequent inspection control (Scheme 3c); f) certification of products based on an analysis of the state of production and testing of a standard product sample in an accredited testing laboratory with subsequent inspection control (Scheme 4c); g) product certification based on testing of a standard product sample in an accredited testing laboratory and quality system certification with subsequent inspection control (Scheme 5c); 2) for a limited batch of products: a) declaration of the manufacturer (seller) based on its own evidence, testing in an accredited testing laboratory of a representative sample of samples from the batch of products (Scheme 5e); b) certification of a batch of products based on testing of a representative sample of samples from this batch in an accredited testing laboratory (Scheme 6c); c) certification of product units based on testing of a product unit in an accredited testing laboratory (Scheme 7c). 3. A representative sample of samples for testing in order to confirm product compliance with fire safety requirements is determined in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. 4. Schemes 1d and 5d are used to confirm product compliance with fire safety requirements of substances and materials, with the exception of: 1) building materials; 2) finishing materials for railway and metro rolling stock; 3) fire retardant and fire extinguishing substances. 5. Schemes 2d and 3d are used at the choice of the manufacturer (seller) to confirm compliance with fire safety requirements: 1) gas fire extinguishing compositions, with the exception of nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide with a content of the main substance in the listed gases of more than 95 percent; 2) primary fire extinguishing means, with the exception of fire extinguishers; 3) firefighting tool; 4) fire fighting equipment, with the exception of fire nozzles, foam generators and foam mixers; 5) building materials not used for finishing evacuation routes for people directly outside or to a safe area; 6) textile and leather materials used for the manufacture of curtains, curtains, bedding, elements of upholstered furniture; 7) special protective clothing; 8) carpets; 9) channels of smoke protection engineering systems. 6. The 3D diagram is used to confirm the compliance of mobile fire extinguishing equipment with fire safety requirements. 7. Schemes 2c, 3c, 4c, 5c and 6c are used at the applicant’s choice to confirm compliance with fire safety requirements: 1) portable and mobile fire extinguishers; 2) fire nozzles, foam generators, foam mixers; 3) personal protective equipment for people in case of fire;
4) means of rescuing people in case of fire; 5) equipment and products for rescuing people in case of fire; 6) additional equipment for firefighters; 7) powder fire extinguishing compounds, foam concentrates for extinguishing fires; 8) fire automatic equipment; 9) electrical circuit protection devices; 10) construction materials used for finishing evacuation routes for people directly outside or to a safe area; 11) finishing materials for rolling stock of railway transport and metro; 12) fire protection means; 13) fire-resistant building structures, including their fillings, in fire barriers, cable penetrations, cable ducts, channels and pipes made of polymer materials for laying cables, sealed cable entries; 14) engineering equipment of smoke protection systems, with the exception of the channels of engineering systems; 15) elevator shaft doors; 16) fireproof and explosion-proof electrical equipment, including electrical cables; 17) elements of automatic fire extinguishing installations. 8. Scheme 3c is applied only when carrying out certification of previously certified products after the expiration of the certificate. 9. Scheme 7c is used to confirm product compliance with fire safety requirements if it is not possible to have a representative sample of standard samples for testing. 10. At the request of the applicant, confirmation of product compliance with fire safety requirements by declaration may be replaced by mandatory certification. 11. The validity of the declaration of conformity of products with fire safety requirements is established for a period of no more than 5 years. 12. Declaration of product compliance with fire safety requirements is carried out in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 13. If federal laws on relevant technical regulations provide for certification schemes for specific products that differ from the schemes established by this Federal Law, confirmation of product compliance with fire safety requirements is carried out according to a scheme that ensures the most complete control and objectivity of research, testing and measurements, including sampling rules. Article 147. Procedure for certification 1. Certification of products is carried out by bodies accredited in accordance with the procedure established by the Government of the Russian Federation and the additional requirements set out in Article 148 of this Federal Law. 2. Certification includes: 1) submission by the manufacturer (seller) of an application for certification and consideration of the submitted materials by an accredited certification body; 2) adoption by the accredited certification body of a decision on an application for certification indicating its scheme; 3) assessment of product compliance with fire safety requirements; 4) issuance of a certificate by an accredited certification body or a reasoned refusal to issue a certificate;
5) implementation by an accredited certification body of inspection control of certified products, if it is provided for by the certification scheme; 6) implementation by the manufacturer (seller) of corrective measures when identifying non-compliance of products with fire safety requirements and in the event of incorrect use of the mark on the market. 3. The procedure for confirming product compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law includes: 1) selection and identification of product samples; 2) production assessment or certification of the quality (production) system, if this is provided for by the certification scheme; 3) testing product samples in an accredited testing laboratory; 4) examination of documents submitted by the manufacturer (seller) (including technical documentation, quality documents, opinions, certificates and test reports) in order to determine the possibility of recognizing product compliance with fire safety requirements; 5) analysis of the results obtained and making a decision on the possibility of issuing a certificate. 4. The applicant may submit an application for certification to any accredited certification body that has the right to conduct such work. 5. An application for certification is completed by the applicant in Russian and must contain: 1) the name and location of the applicant; 2) name and location of the manufacturer (seller); 3) information about the product and its identifying features (name, code according to the All-Russian Product Classifier or code of imported products in accordance with the Commodity Nomenclature of Foreign Economic Activity applied in the Russian Federation), technical description of the product, instructions for its use (operation) and other technical documentation describing the product, as well as the declared quantity (batch production, batch or unit of product); 4) an indication of fire safety regulations; 5) certification scheme; 6) the applicant’s obligations to comply with the rules and conditions of certification. 6. The authorized body carrying out certification, within 30 days from the date of filing an application for certification, sends the applicant a positive or negative decision on his application. 7. A negative decision on an application for certification must contain a reasoned refusal to carry out certification. 8. A positive decision on an application for certification must include the basic conditions of certification, including information: 1) about the certification scheme; 2) on the regulatory documents on the basis of which certification of product compliance with fire safety requirements will be carried out; 3) about the organization that will conduct an analysis of the state of production, if this is provided for by the certification scheme; 4) on the procedure for selecting product samples; 5) on the procedure for testing product samples; 6) on the procedure for assessing the stability of production conditions;
7) on the criteria for assessing compliance of products with fire safety requirements; 8) the need to provide additional documents confirming the safety of products. 9. Confirmation of product compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law includes, if provided for by the certification scheme: 1) selection of control samples and test samples; 2) product identification; 3) testing of product samples in an accredited testing laboratory; 4) assessment of the stability of production conditions; 5) analysis of submitted documents. 10. Selection of product samples (control samples and test samples) is carried out in accordance with the requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 11. It is allowed to use product samples that have undergone certification tests as control samples if their identification characteristics and indicators verified during certification remain unchanged. 12. Product samples selected for testing and as control must be identical in design, composition and manufacturing technology to the products supplied to the consumer (customer). 13. The applicant (manufacturer, seller) attaches to the samples documents confirming the acceptance of the product by the manufacturer (seller) and its compliance with the regulatory documents according to which the products (or their copies) are manufactured, as well as the necessary technical documents, the composition and content of which are given in the decision of the accredited certification body on the application for certification. 14. After sampling, measures must be taken to protect against sample substitution or errors in their identification. 15. Control samples must be stored during the validity period of the certificate. 16. Identification is carried out both during sampling and when testing products in order to verify that the presented samples actually belong to the certified products. 17. Identification consists of comparing the main characteristics of product samples specified in the application for product certification and technical (accompanying) documentation for it, and the marked characteristics on the sample, packaging (container) and in accompanying documents. 18. When certifying a batch of products, the compliance of its actual volume with the declared volume is additionally checked. 19. The results of identification during testing are reflected in the test report (test report). 20. Tests for certification purposes are carried out by order of an accredited certification body. 21. Tests are carried out by testing laboratories that have been accredited to carry out the work. 22.
In the absence of a testing laboratory accredited for technical competence and independence, or its significant remoteness, complicating the transportation of samples, increasing the cost of testing and lengthening the time frame for conducting them, it is allowed to carry out tests for certification purposes by testing laboratories accredited only for technical competence, independent of the manufacturer or consumer of the certified product. Such tests are carried out under the supervision of representatives of an accredited certification body. The objectivity of such tests, along with the testing laboratory, is ensured by an accredited certification body that has entrusted the testing laboratory with conducting them. 23. Based on the test results, testing laboratories draw up test reports and submit them to the accredited certification body. Copies of test reports are subject to storage in the testing laboratory during the service life (shelf life) of the certified products, but not less than 3 years after the expiration of the certificates issued on their basis or decisions to refuse to issue certificates. 24. The test report (test report) must contain the following information: 1) designation of the test report (test report), serial number and numbering of each page of the report, as well as the total number of pages; 2) information about the testing laboratory that conducted the tests; 3) information about the accredited certification body that commissioned the testing; 4) identification information about the products submitted for testing, including the manufacturer of the products; 5) basis for testing; 6) description of the test program and methods or references to standard test methods; 7) information about sampling; 8) test conditions; 9) information about the measuring instruments and testing equipment used; 10) verified indicators and requirements for them, information about regulatory documents containing these requirements; 11) actual values of indicators of tested samples, including intermediate ones, in accordance with the necessary evaluation criteria and indicating the calculated or actual measurement error; 12) information about tests performed by another testing laboratory; 13) date of issue of the test report (test report). 25. The test report (test report) must be signed by all persons responsible for its conduct, approved by the management of the accredited certification body and sealed by the testing laboratory. The test report (test report) is accompanied by a sampling act with all appendices thereto. 26. The test report (test report) must include the necessary amount of information to obtain similar results in case of repeated tests.
If the result of any test is a qualitative assessment of the product’s compliance with an established requirement, the test report (test report) provides information on the basis of which the result was obtained. 27. Corrections and changes in the text of the test report (test report) after its release are not allowed. 28. It is not permitted to place general assessments, recommendations and advice on eliminating deficiencies or improving tested products in the test report (test report). 29. The test report (test report) applies only to the samples subjected to testing. 30. Production analysis is carried out in order to establish the necessary conditions for the manufacture of products with stable characteristics verified during certification. 31. An assessment of the stability of production conditions must be carried out no earlier than 12 months before the date of issue of the certificate based on an analysis of the state of production (schemes 2c and 4c) or certification of production or a production quality system (scheme 5 c). 32. The basis for conducting an analysis of the state of production is the decision of the accredited certification body. An accredited certification body may entrust the inspection of the state of production to an organization that has on its staff experts in the certification of these products or experts in the certification of production and production quality systems. In this case, a justified written order from the accredited certification body is issued. 33. When analyzing the state of production, the following must be checked: 1) technological processes; 2) technological documentation; 3) technological equipment; 4) technological modes; 5) management of technological equipment; 6) management of metrological equipment; 7) testing and measurement techniques; 8) the procedure for monitoring raw materials and components; 9) the procedure for monitoring products during its production; 10) management of non-conforming products; 11) procedure for handling complaints. 34. Deficiencies identified during the inspection process are classified as significant or non-significant nonconformities. 35. Significant inconsistencies include: 1) lack of regulatory and technological documentation for products; 2) lack of description of the operations performed, indicating the means of technological equipment, control points and procedure; 3) lack of necessary technical equipment and means of control and testing; 4) use of control and testing means that have not passed metrological control in the prescribed manner and within the established time frame; 5) the absence of documented control procedures to ensure the stability of product characteristics, or their non-compliance. 36. The presence of significant inconsistencies indicates an unsatisfactory state of production. 37.
If there are one or more significant nonconformities, the organization must take corrective measures within the time frame agreed with the accredited certification body. 38. Irrelevant comments must be eliminated no later than the day of the next inspection control. 39. Based on the results of the inspection, a report is drawn up on the results of the analysis of the state of production of the certified products. The act indicates: 1) the results of the inspection; 2) additional materials used in analyzing the state of production of certified products; 3) general assessment of the state of production; 4) the need and timing of corrective measures. 40. The report on the results of the analysis of the state of production of certified products is stored by the accredited certification body, and a copy of it is sent to the applicant (manufacturer, seller). 41. The decision on the confidentiality of information obtained during the inspection is made by the organization being inspected. 42. The accredited certification body takes into account the results of the analysis of the state of production along with the test report (test report) when deciding on the possibility and conditions for issuing a certificate. 43. The accredited certification body, after analyzing the test report (test report), the results of the analysis of the state of production (if established by the certification scheme), and other documents on product compliance with fire safety requirements, prepares a decision on issuing (refusing to issue) a certificate. 44. Based on the decision to issue a certificate of product compliance with fire safety requirements, the accredited certification body issues a certificate, registers it in the unified register in the prescribed manner and issues it to the applicant (manufacturer, seller). The certificate is valid only if there is a registration number. 45. If the results of the assessment of product compliance with established requirements are negative, the accredited certification body issues a decision to refuse to issue a certificate indicating the reasons. 46. The certificate of product compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law is issued in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. 47. The certificate of product compliance with fire safety requirements may have an annex containing a list of specific types and types of products to which it applies. 48. For mass-produced products, the validity period of the certificate of product compliance with fire safety requirements is established for the following schemes: 1) 2c – no more than 1 year; 2) 3c – no more than 3 years; 3) 4c and 5c – no more than 5 years. 49.
For products produced individually or in batches (Schemes 6c and 7c), the validity period of the issued certificate of product compliance with fire safety requirements is established until the end of the shelf life (service) of the specified product, during which the manufacturer, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, undertakes to provide consumers with the opportunity to use the product for its intended purpose. After the specified period, the product may no longer meet fire safety requirements. If such a period is not established by the manufacturer, the certificate is valid for 1 year. 50. For products sold by the manufacturer during the validity period of the certificate for serially produced products (serial production), the certificate is valid after its delivery, sale during the shelf life (service), during which the manufacturer, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, undertakes to provide consumers with the opportunity to use the products for their intended purpose. If the period is not established by the manufacturer, then for this product the certificate is valid for 1 year after the expiration date. During the same period, the certificate for the batch of products is also valid. 51. Upon expiration of the certificate for mass-produced products certified under schemes 4c and 5c, the validity period of the certificate for the same products may be extended by decision of the accredited certification body that conducted the previous certification, based on the positive results of the inspection control of these products and the test report (test report), carried out taking into account previously conducted tests under an abbreviated program. To extend the validity period of the certificate of conformity, the applicant sends to the accredited certification body a request to extend the validity period of the certificate of conformity, containing a statement that since the inspection control, no changes have been made to the recipe and manufacturing process of the certified product that affect its safety. The original of the previously issued certificate of conformity must be attached to the request. 52. When making changes to the design (composition) of a product or its production technology, the manufacturer must notify the accredited certification body that issued the certificate. The accredited certification body makes a decision on extending the certificate to modernized products or on the need to conduct new tests or additional assessment of the production of these products. 53. Inspection control over certified products is carried out by accredited certification bodies that carried out its certification, with the involvement, if necessary, of representatives of the testing laboratory that conducted the tests.
Inspection control is carried out in the form of periodic and unscheduled checks that provide information on certified products in the form of test results and analysis of the state of production, on compliance with the conditions and rules for using the certificate and mark of circulation on the market in order to confirm that the product continues to meet fire safety requirements during the validity period of the certificate. 54. Inspection control of certified products is carried out when the certificate is valid for more than 1 year: 1) no more than once during the validity period of the certificate issued for a period of up to 2 years inclusive; 2) at least twice during the validity period of a certificate issued for a period of 2 to 4 years inclusive; 3) at least three times during the validity period of a certificate issued for a period of more than 4 years. 55. The criteria for determining the frequency and scope of inspection control are the degree of potential danger of products, the results of product certification, stability of production, volume of product output, the presence of a certified production quality system and the cost of inspection control. 56. The volume, frequency, content and procedure for conducting inspection control are established in the decision of the accredited certification body to issue a certificate. 57. Unscheduled inspection control is carried out in the event of receipt of information about claims regarding product safety from consumers, trade organizations, as well as from bodies exercising public or state control over the quality of products for which a certificate has been issued. 58. Inspection control, as a rule, includes: 1) analysis of product certification materials; 2) analysis of incoming information about certified products; 3) checking the compliance of documents for certified products with the requirements of this Federal Law; 4) selection and identification of samples, testing of samples and analysis of the results obtained; 5) checking the state of production, if provided for by the certification scheme; 6) analysis of the results and decisions made based on the results of control; 7) checking corrective measures to eliminate previously identified inconsistencies; 8) checking the correctness of product labeling with the sign of product circulation on the market; 9) analysis of complaints for certified products. 59. The content, scope and procedure for testing during inspection control are determined by the accredited certification body conducting the control. 60. As test results confirming product compliance with established requirements, it is allowed to use reports of periodic tests conducted or organized by the manufacturer, as well as tests conducted or organized by the manufacturer in the presence of a representative of the accredited certification body according to the program developed by it and in compliance with the conditions necessary to ensure the reliability of the results. 61.
If negative results are obtained from tests conducted or organized by the manufacturer in the presence of a representative of the accredited certification body, re-testing of newly selected samples must be carried out by an accredited testing laboratory. The results of repeated tests are considered final and apply to all certified products. 62. Inspection tests of products certified in accordance with the 3s scheme are carried out only by accredited testing laboratories. 63. An unscheduled inspection of production is carried out if there is information about violations of this Federal Law. 64. The results of inspection control are documented in an act of inspection control. 65. The inspection control act makes a conclusion about the product’s compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law, the stability of their implementation and the possibility of maintaining the validity of the issued certificate or suspending (cancelling) the validity of the certificate. 66. When carrying out corrective measures, the accredited certification body: 1) suspends the validity of the certificate of compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law; 2) informs state control (supervision) authorities in the prescribed manner about the suspension or termination of the certificate of compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law; 3) establishes a deadline for the manufacturer (seller) to carry out corrective measures; 4) controls the implementation of corrective measures by the manufacturer (seller). 67. After corrective actions have been completed and their results are considered satisfactory, the accredited certification body renews the certificate. 68. If the manufacturer (seller) fails to take corrective measures or if they are ineffective, the accredited certification body terminates the certificate and issues a decision to the certificate holder to revoke the certificate. 69. The grounds for considering the issue of termination of the certificate may be: 1) changes in the design (composition) and completeness of the product; 2) change in organization and (or) production technology; 3) change (failure to comply) with technology requirements, control and testing methods, and quality assurance systems; 4) messages from government authorities or consumer societies about non-compliance of products with the requirements controlled during certification; 5) materials of fire investigations, results of inspections carried out by state fire supervision authorities and other supervisory authorities; 6) negative results of inspection control of certified products; 7) refusal to carry out or failure to provide the opportunity to carry out inspection control of certified products within the time limits established by the accredited certification body;
8) reorganization of a legal entity, including transformation (change of organizational and legal form). 70. If, through corrective measures agreed upon with the accredited certification body, the manufacturer (seller) can eliminate the detected causes of product non-compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law and confirm the elimination of this non-compliance without repeated testing in an accredited testing laboratory, the validity of the certificate is suspended. If the manufacturer (seller) cannot eliminate the reasons for the product’s non-compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law, the certificate is terminated. The certificate is excluded from the unified register; the manufacturer (seller) is obliged to return the certificate to the accredited certification body that issued the certificate. 71. If the accredited certification body decides to suspend the validity of the certificate, it indicates in the decision the identified deficiencies and sets a deadline for their elimination. 72. Termination and withdrawal of the certificate are formalized by a decision of the accredited certification body. 73. The decision to suspend or terminate the certificate is handed over against signature or sent by mail to the manufacturer (seller) within 7 days. 74. Resubmission of products for certification is carried out in accordance with the general procedure. Article 148. Additional requirements taken into account during the accreditation of certification bodies, testing laboratories (centers) 1. An organization applying for accreditation as a testing laboratory carrying out certification must be equipped with its own equipment, measuring instruments, as well as consumables (chemical reagents and substances) for proper testing. Testing equipment and measuring instruments must comply with the requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, measurement methods must meet the requirements of regulatory documents for test methods. The use by a testing laboratory of testing equipment and measuring instruments that do not belong to this testing laboratory is permitted if: 1) expensive equipment is used or equipment that is not widely used or requires regular qualified maintenance; 2) the equipment of the testing laboratory is used irregularly. The volume of work performed using such equipment should not exceed 10 percent of the total number of works performed per year; 3) the testing laboratory’s own equipment is temporarily faulty during the testing period or is in the process of being certified or tested. 2.
The equipment must be included in the relevant documents of the laboratory in accordance with the requirements of the accreditation rules, and the laboratory must have the written consent of the owner of the equipment (lease agreement, cooperation agreement and other documents) to provide it for testing at the required time, as well as to ensure its suitability for these purposes and the ability to monitor its condition. 3. Equipment and measuring instruments that do not belong to the testing laboratory may be used only if such equipment is certified and the measuring instruments are checked in the prescribed manner. 4. An organization applying for accreditation as a certification body for compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law may be accredited if this organization has an accredited laboratory with a similar scope of accreditation. Article 149. Features of confirming the compliance of substances and materials with fire safety requirements Confirmation of the compliance of substances and materials with the requirements of this Federal Law is carried out by declaring their compliance or mandatory certification with the mandatory attachment of a test report indicating the values of indicators established by this Federal Law to the documents confirming the conformity of substances and materials. Article 150. Features of confirming the conformity of fire protection means 1. Confirmation of the conformity of fire protection means is carried out in the form of certification. 2. To carry out certification, the applicant submits accompanying documents to the accredited certification body, which must indicate the main indicators, scope and methods of application of fire protection products. 3. Test reports of testing laboratories must contain the values of indicators characterizing the fire retardant effectiveness of fire protection products, including various options for their use described in the accompanying documents. 4. In the certificate, in the “Name” column provided for in the certificate form, the following special characteristics of fire protection means must be reflected: 1) names of fire protection means; 2) the value of fire retardant efficiency established during testing; 3) types, brands, thickness of layers of primer, decorative or weather-resistant coatings used in combination with these fire protection means during certification tests; 4) the thickness of the fire protection coating of the fire protection means for the established fire protection effectiveness. 5. Marking of fire protection products applied by manufacturers to products may contain only information confirmed during certification. Section VIII Final Provisions Chapter 34. Final Provisions Article 151. Final Provisions 1.
From the date of entry into force of this Federal Law until the day of entry into force of the relevant technical regulations, the requirements for objects of protection (products), processes of production, operation, storage, transportation, sale and disposal (decommissioning), established by regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and regulatory documents of federal executive authorities, are subject to mandatory execution insofar as they do not contradict the requirements of this Federal Law. 2. Until the date of entry into force of the relevant technical regulations, the scheme for declaring product compliance with fire safety requirements on the basis of their own evidence is applied for general purpose products only by manufacturers or legal entities performing the functions of a foreign manufacturer. 3. Accreditation documents issued in the prescribed manner to certification bodies, testing laboratories (centers) before the entry into force of this Federal Law, as well as documents confirming product compliance with fire safety requirements, adopted before the entry into force of this Federal Law, are considered valid until the end of the period established in them. Article 152. Entry into force of this Federal Law This Federal Law comes into force after nine months from the date of its official publication. President of the Russian Federation D. Medvedev